ArticleRevista da Associacao Medica Brasileira (1992)2025
Pan-immune-inflammation value predicts proliferative diabetic retinopathy in patients with diabetes mellitus and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.
Article in Revista da Associacao Medica Brasileira (1992), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectiveDiabetic retinopathy exhibits a higher risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease-related complications. Proliferative diabetic retinopathy is the most serious complication of diabetic retinopathy and can lead to total visual loss. Given that inflammation plays a key role in diabetic retinopathy, using blood-derived indexes could be a feasible way to predict the proliferative diabetic retinopathy. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of pan-immune-inflammation value in predicting proliferative diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.
methodsThis retrospective study included 234 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. The study population was classified into three groups according to severity of diabetic retinopathy: no-diabetic retinopathy, non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy, and proliferative diabetic retinopathy groups. Complete blood counts were obtained, and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, platelet/lymphocyte ratio, and pan-immune-inflammation value ([neutrophils×platelets×monocytes]÷lymphocytes) were calculated. A receiver operating characteristic curve was performed to analyze the ability of inflammatory markers for proliferative diabetic retinopathy.
resultsThe mean age was 56.6±7.8 years, and there were 109 men and 125 women. The median (interquartile range) pan-immune-inflammation value levels in the no-diabetic retinopathy, non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy, and proliferative diabetic retinopathy groups were 213 (137-325), 240 (157-297), and 375 (318-540), respectively (p<0.001). Multivariate analysis revealed that the pan-immune-inflammation value (OR 1.066; 95%CI 1.051-1.072; p=0.001), total cholesterol (OR 1.055; p=0.018), and hemoglobin (OR 0.145; p=0.036) were independent risk factors of proliferative diabetic retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.
conclusionOur study revealed a significant association between increased pan-immune-inflammation value levels and high proliferative diabetic retinopathy risk in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.
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