Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40992009›Full record

ArticleDrug and alcohol dependence2025

Alcohol interventions for persons with HIV: Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials using phosphatidylethanol and self-report.

Judith A Hahn, Jeremy C Kane, Robin Fatch, Cristina Espinosa da Silva, Nneka I Emenyonu, Aaron Scheffler, Priya Chirayil, Kaku So-Armah, Christopher W Kahler, Amy A Conroy and 16 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Drug and alcohol dependence, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

26 authors.

Judith A HahnDepartment of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Electronic address: judy.hahn@ucsf.edu.
Jeremy C KaneDepartment of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA.
Robin FatchDepartment of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Cristina Espinosa da SilvaDepartment of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Nneka I EmenyonuDepartment of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Aaron SchefflerDepartment of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Priya ChirayilDepartment of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA.
Kaku So-ArmahChobanian and Avedisian Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
Christopher W KahlerCenter for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA.
Amy A ConroyCenter for AIDS Prevention Studies, Division of Prevention Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
E Jennifer EdelmanDepartment of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
Sarah Woolf-KingDepartment of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA.
Charles Dh ParryMental Health, Alcohol, Substance Use and Tobacco Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Psychiatry, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
Susan M KieneDivision of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, San Diego State University School of Public Health, San Diego, CA, USA; Makerere University School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda.
Gabriel ChamieDepartment of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Winnie R MuyindikeDepartment of Medicine, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda.
Julian AdongDepartment of Medicine, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda.
Vivian F GoDepartment of Health Behavior, University of North Carolina Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Robert L CookDepartment of Epidemiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
Neo K MorojeleDepartment of Psychology, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa.
David A FiellinDepartment of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Emergency Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
Glenn-Milo SantosDepartment of Community Health Systems, School of Nursing, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Peggy TahirUCSF Library, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Jeffrey SametChobanian and Avedisian Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
Evgeny KrupitskyV.M. Bekhterev National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Neuroology, St. Petersburg, Russia; A.V. Valdman Institute of Pharmacology, First Pavlov State Medical University, St. Petersburg, Russia.
Isabel Elaine AllenDepartment of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.

Funding

Translational ScienceP30AI042853 · NIAID · MIRIAM HOSPITAL · PI LARRY K BROWN · 1998 to 2026
$51.7M
Interventions to reduce alcohol use and increase adherence to TB preventive therapy among HIV/TB co-infected drinkers (DIPT 1/2)U01AA026223 · NIAAA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI HAHN, JUDITH ALISSA · 2017 to 2021
$2.8M
Training in Research Program on Alcohol Use by Persons with our at Risk for HIVK24AA022586 · NIAAA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI HAHN, JUDITH ALISSA · 2013 to 2023
$1.8M
Biomarkers for Alcohol/HIV Research (BAHR) StudyR01AA029962 · NIAAA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI HAHN, JUDITH ALISSA · 2022 to 2024
$1.8M
The Better THAN Study: Targeting Heavy Alcohol with Naltrexone among MSMDP5OD019809 · OD · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI SANTOS, GLENN-MILO · 2014 to 2018
$1.7M
Mobile technology to extend clinic-based counseling for HIV+s in UgandaR01AA024990 · NIAAA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI HAHN, JUDITH ALISSA · 2018 to 2020
$1.1M
ASTERISK: Alcohol and Substance use Treatment and Engagement Research on Intervention Studies among Key populationsK24AA029958 · NIAAA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI Glenn-Milo Santos · 2022 to 2026
$938k
NIAAA NIH HHS K24 AA022586NIAAA NIH HHS K24 AA029958NIAAA NIH HHS R01 AA024990NIAAA NIH HHS R01 AA029962NIAAA NIH HHS U01 AA026223NIAID NIH HHS P30 AI042853NIH HHS DP5 OD019809
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundInterventions are needed to reduce alcohol use for people living with HIV (PWH), but prior randomized controlled trials (RCT) evaluated efficacy by self-reported alcohol use, potentially hampering validity. We aimed to determine alcohol intervention efficacy using the alcohol biomarker, phosphatidylethanol (PEth), combined with self-report, and compare results to each analysed alone.

methodsWe conducted a systematic review of alcohol intervention RCTs to April 2023, followed by an individual participant data meta-analysis (IPD-MA) using two-step random effects modeling. Our primary outcome was unhealthy alcohol use defined as PEth/self-report (binary), i.e., PEth≥ 50ng/mL or Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test - Consumption (AUDIT-C) ≥ 3 (women) and ≥ 4 (men). We also evaluated PEth and self-report alone.

resultsWe screened 280 studies, found 20 eligible, and obtained IPD for 16 (N = 3559, median age=41, 72.8 % male). Participants receiving an alcohol intervention had significantly lower odds of follow-up unhealthy alcohol use by PEth/self-report (OR=0.69, 95 % CI: 0.55-0.86; Cohen's d=0.21; I

conclusionsResults confirm prior findings of significant efficacy of alcohol interventions for PWH. Effect sizes were small across measurements, while heterogeneity was high when using self-report alone. Combined PEth/self-report is a useful primary outcome for alcohol intervention studies.

Indexed as

AlcoholAlcohol biomarkerAlcohol useHIVIndividual participant data meta-analysisPEthPhosphatidylethanolRandomized controlled trialSystematic reviewUnhealthy

Identifiers

PMID40992009
PMCPMC13100752

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.