Evidence mapPaperPMID 40993535Full record

SynthesisBMC pregnancy and childbirth2025

Membrane sweeping in term pregnancy to promote spontaneous labor and prevent post-term pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Yao Li, Jin-Zhu Yin, Wan-Ying Pang, Liu Zhang, Lin-Na Wei

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
In one paragraph

Synthesis in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Yao LiDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 120, Dalongshan Road, Yubei District, Chongqing, China.
Jin-Zhu YinThe Third Clinical College of Guangzhou Medical University, The Nursing College of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Wan-Ying PangDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 120, Dalongshan Road, Yubei District, Chongqing, China.
Liu ZhangDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 120, Dalongshan Road, Yubei District, Chongqing, China.
Lin-Na WeiDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 120, Dalongshan Road, Yubei District, Chongqing, China. 19039792@qq.com.

Funding

the Chongqing Health Commission Medical Research Project 2025WSJK113
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMembrane sweeping is recommended to facilitate spontaneous labor, reduce the need for formal induction, and prevent post-term pregnancy. However, its overall effects on maternal and neonatal outcomes remain unclear. This study aims to evaluate the impact of membrane sweeping in term pregnancy on maternal and neonatal outcomes.

methodsThe initial search was conducted through December 19, 2023, and an updated search extended the inclusion of publications to July 15, 2025. Study selection and data extraction were done independently by two researchers. The Cochrane risk of bias 2.0 tool was used to evaluate study quality. Data analysis was performed using R 4.5.0, calculating mean differences with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for continuous outcomes and relative risk (RR) for dichotomous outcomes. Subgroup analyses were conducted based on the timing and frequency of membrane sweeping. Meta-regression was applied to identify factors influencing results, and the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach was used to evaluate evidence certainty.

resultsThirty-four randomized controlled trials involving 6355 pregnant women were included. Meta-analyses indicated that membrane sweeping significantly promoted spontaneous labor (RR = 1.28, 95% CI: 1.16, 1.41, I

conclusionsOur findings suggest that membrane sweeping may be an effective and relatively safe method for labor induction. Given the low certainty of the evidence, high-quality randomized controlled trials are urgently needed to corroborate these exploratory findings. REGISTRATION: CRD42023494189 (PROSPERO).

Indexed as

Labor, ObstetricPregnancy, ProlongedFemaleHumansInfant, NewbornLabor, InducedPregnancyPregnancy OutcomeRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicTerm BirthLabor inductionMembrane sweepingPost-term pregnancy preventionSpontaneous laborSystematic review

Identifiers

PMID40993535
PMCPMC12462393

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.