Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40995089›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in medicine2025

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and the endothelium: molecular and clinical insights into cardiovascular protection.

Allegra Battistoni, Linda Piras, Nicola Tartaglia, Francesco Maria Carrano, Claudia De Vitis, Emanuele Barbato

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Allegra BattistoniDepartment of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Linda PirasDepartment of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Nicola TartagliaDepartment of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Francesco Maria CarranoDepartment of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Claudia De VitisDepartment of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Emanuele BarbatoDepartment of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Endothelial dysfunction represents the critical pathophysiological mediator linking the modern epidemics of obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular disease. Persistent hyperglycemia and metabolic dysregulation promote oxidative stress, reduce nitric oxide bioavailability, and activate inflammatory pathways, thereby accelerating atherosclerosis and cardiovascular complications. Therefore, strategies aimed at restoring endothelial function are crucial to mitigate cardiovascular complications in individuals with cardiometabolic disorders. Among antidiabetic therapies, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists have demonstrated cardiovascular benefits in large-scale outcome trials, but the underlying mechanisms remain only partially elucidated. In this mini-review, we critically examine both clinical and experimental evidence, with emphasis on the direct effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists on endothelial function. Moreover, we address the heterogeneity within this drug class, noting how differences may contribute to variability in vascular outcomes. By integrating clinical findings with molecular data, this review aims to refine our understanding of the potential endothelial mechanisms underlying cardiovascular protection. Our critical synthesis provides a clearer framework for interpreting the vascular effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists beyond glycemic control, thereby offering a more comprehensive view of their role in managing cardiometabolic disease.

Indexed as

cardiovascular diseasediabetesendothelial dysfunctionGLP1GLP1-RAincretinsobesity

Identifiers

PMID40995089
PMCPMC12454090

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.