Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40998222›Full record

ArticleJournal of pain and symptom management2026

Caregiving Activities and Activity-Limiting Pain Among African American Caregivers.

Martha Abshire Saylor, Janiece L Taylor, Yifan Liu, Wonkyung Jung, Erin M Spaulding, Katherine A Ornstein

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of pain and symptom management, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Caregiver- and Care Recipient-Related Factors Linked to Pain in Family Caregivers of Persons Living with Dementia.Journal of applied gerontology : the official journal of the Southern Gerontological Society · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Martha Abshire SaylorCenter for Equity in Aging (M.A.S., J.L.T., Y.L., E.M.S., K.A.O.), Johns Hopkins School of Nursing, Baltimore, Massachusetts. Electronic address: mabshir1@jhu.edu.
Janiece L TaylorCenter for Equity in Aging (M.A.S., J.L.T., Y.L., E.M.S., K.A.O.), Johns Hopkins School of Nursing, Baltimore, Massachusetts.
Yifan LiuCenter for Equity in Aging (M.A.S., J.L.T., Y.L., E.M.S., K.A.O.), Johns Hopkins School of Nursing, Baltimore, Massachusetts.
Wonkyung JungBoston College Connell School of Nursing (W.J.), Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts.
Erin M SpauldingCenter for Equity in Aging (M.A.S., J.L.T., Y.L., E.M.S., K.A.O.), Johns Hopkins School of Nursing, Baltimore, Massachusetts; Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research (E.M.S.), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Massachusetts.
Katherine A OrnsteinCenter for Equity in Aging (M.A.S., J.L.T., Y.L., E.M.S., K.A.O.), Johns Hopkins School of Nursing, Baltimore, Massachusetts.

Funding

ARIC Neurocognitive Study (ARIC-NCS) Renewal 2023-2028U01HL096812 · NHLBI · NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE · PI JOSEF CORESH, THOMAS H MOSLEY · 2010 to 2026
$65.7M
The Johns Hopkins Clinical Research Scholars in Women's Health (BIRCWH)K12HD085845 · NICHD · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI FORD, DANIEL ERNEST · 2015 to 2023
$4.5M
Transitions to Family Caregiving and Its Impact on Health IndicatorsRF1AG050609 · NIA · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI ROTH, DAVID L · 2016 to 2016
$3.3M
NHLBI NIH HHS U01 HL096812NIA NIH HHS RF1 AG050609NICHD NIH HHS K12 HD085845
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAfrican American caregivers disproportionately engage in high-intensity caregiving. Pain experiences of African Americans may interfere with caregiving and overall health, but little is known about the associations of caregiving activities and activity-limiting pain among African Americans.

objectiveWe aimed to 1) examine risk factors for activity-limiting pain among African American caregivers and 2) analyze the relationships between caregiving intensity, patient care needs and activity-limiting pain.

methodsIn a cross-sectional analysis, using nationally representative data from the National Study of Caregiving and linked National Health and Aging Trends Study, we analyzed caregiver and care recipient factors associated with activity-limiting pain among African American caregivers. We examined the relationship between caregiving intensity, patient care needs and activity-limiting pain using multivariable logistic regression. Sampling weights were applied to make nationally representative estimates.

resultsOur sample (N = 1673) included mostly female (63.5%) African American caregivers, with a mean age of 55.8 ± 21.5 years. Nearly half experience pain and 11% report activity-limiting pain. In our fully adjusted, multivariable model, those with higher intensity caregiving (i.e., longer duration of caregiving) [aOR: 2.09, CI: 1.29-3.39] and higher patient care needs (i.e., supporting care recipients requiring assistance for more activities of daily living (ADLs)) [aOR: 1.15, CI: 1.02-1.29] had higher odds of activity-limiting pain compared to those with lower intensity caregiving and lower care needs.

conclusionThese findings underscore the importance of the intersection of race, caregiving, and pain. Future work should explore how African American caregivers cope with pain and how best to support them.

Indexed as

Black or African AmericanCaregiversPainActivities of Daily LivingAdultAgedAged, 80 and overCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRisk FactorsUnited StatesAfrican AmericanCaregiverpain

Identifiers

PMID40998222
PMCPMC12758618

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.