Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40998281›Full record

ArticleThe journal of pain2026

Prolonged aftersensations to thermal noxious stimulation as a screening tool for central contributions to chronic ocular pain.

Araliya N Gunawardene, Noa Dobzinski, David Valdes-Arias, Nicole B Kantor, Ana Zalvidar, Eric A Moulton, Pragnya R Donthineni, Robert C O'Brien, Anat Galor, Elizabeth R Felix

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The journal of pain, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Araliya N GunawardeneSurgical and Research Services, Miami Veterans Administration Medical Center, 1201 NW 16th St., Miami, FL 33125, USA; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 900 NW 17th St., Miami, FL 33136, USA.
Noa DobzinskiBascom Palmer Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 900 NW 17th St., Miami, FL 33136, USA.
David Valdes-AriasSurgical and Research Services, Miami Veterans Administration Medical Center, 1201 NW 16th St., Miami, FL 33125, USA; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 900 NW 17th St., Miami, FL 33136, USA.
Nicole B KantorSurgical and Research Services, Miami Veterans Administration Medical Center, 1201 NW 16th St., Miami, FL 33125, USA.
Ana ZalvidarSurgical and Research Services, Miami Veterans Administration Medical Center, 1201 NW 16th St., Miami, FL 33125, USA; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 900 NW 17th St., Miami, FL 33136, USA.
Eric A MoultonBrain and Eye Pain Imaging Lab, Pain & Affective Neuroscience Center, Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Ave., Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Ave., Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Pragnya R DonthineniSurgical and Research Services, Miami Veterans Administration Medical Center, 1201 NW 16th St., Miami, FL 33125, USA; Ophthalmology, Shantilal Shanghvi Cornea Institute, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana 500034, India.
Robert C O'BrienSurgical and Research Services, Miami Veterans Administration Medical Center, 1201 NW 16th St., Miami, FL 33125, USA.
Anat GalorSurgical and Research Services, Miami Veterans Administration Medical Center, 1201 NW 16th St., Miami, FL 33125, USA; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 900 NW 17th St., Miami, FL 33136, USA.
Elizabeth R FelixBascom Palmer Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 900 NW 17th St., Miami, FL 33136, USA; Christine E. Lynn Rehabilitation Center, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1611 NW 12th Ave., Miami, FL 33136, USA. Electronic address: efelix@med.miami.edu.

Funding

Shared Equipment ModuleP30EY014801 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI SCHOOL OF MEDICINE · PI Victor L Perez · 2004 to 2026
$12.2M
Differentiation of Clinical Phenotypes of Inflammatory and Neuropathic Ocular Pain Conditions with Morphologic Measures and Functional Brain ImagingU01EY034686 · NEI · BOSTON CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL · PI Eric Alan Moulton · 2022 to 2026
$4.7M
Tear protein biomarkers of refractive surgery painR61EY032468 · NEI · OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY · PI AICHER, SUE A, GALOR, ANAT · 2020 to 2022
$2.0M
BLRD VA I01 BX004893CSRD VA I01 CX001089CSRD VA I01 CX002015NEI NIH HHS P30 EY014801NEI NIH HHS R61 EY032468NEI NIH HHS U01 EY034686RRD VA I21 RX003883
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Painful aftersensations (AS) are sensations that persist after termination of a noxious stimulus, and prolonged AS may reflect abnormal somatosensory processing. We aimed to validate AS as indicators of central nervous system processing abnormalities in individuals with chronic ocular pain (COP). We examined two cohorts (Groups 1; n=278 and 2; n=64) who underwent an ocular surface examination, quantitative sensory testing (QST), and pain symptom assessment. Individuals were asked to rate pain intensity and unpleasantness (0-100) of AS at 15 s and 30 s after termination of a repeated stimulus protocol at two sites (forehead and forearm). Ratings >0 were considered positive for AS. Using Group 1 data, exploratory regression analyses determined which AS metrics most strongly related to central neuropathic-like or nociplastic ocular pain (NOP). The presence of unpleasant AS at 15 and 30 s after hot pain on the forearm accounted for the most variability in indicators of NOP (i.e., scores on the Neuropathic Pain Symptom Index modified for the Eye (NPSI-Eye) and response to anesthetic eyedrops). We assessed the robustness of these AS metrics as indicators of NOP using data from a separate cohort (Group 2), by comparing NPSI-Eye scores, response to anesthetic eyedrops, and ocular signs (Schirmer's scores, tear film, and corneal fluorescein staining) between those with AS and those who did not report AS. The presence of AS was related to greater NPSI-Eye scores and persistence of eye pain after local anesthetic, but not to tear dysfunction signs, suggesting AS can differentiate patients with potential central mechanisms of COP. PERSPECTIVE: The presence of unpleasant aftersensations at 15 and 30 s after removal of a noxious hot stimulus was associated with other indicators of central somatosensory abnormalities in two disparate populations. This suggests that AS could be a clinical screening tool for central contributors to ocular pain.

Indexed as

Chronic PainEye PainPain MeasurementAdultAgedCohort StudiesFemaleHot TemperatureHumansMaleMiddle AgedYoung AdultAftersensationsCentral abnormalitiesNeuropathic painOcular painQuantitative sensory testingSomatosensory dysfunction

Identifiers

PMID40998281
PMCPMC13122467

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.