SynthesisScientific reports2025
Effects of biochar on soil properties as well as available and TCLP-extractable Cu contents: a global meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Bioremediation of heavy metal contamination: recent developments and future directions.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Rice straw and single-use plastic waste co-pyrolyzed plastic-char composite for the partial replacement of cement in concrete: a life cycle perspective.Scientific reports · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Biochar is an eco-friendly soil amendment that has been demonstrated to have significant potential for regulating soil properties and immobilizing heavy metals. In this study, a meta-analysis was performed to synthesize global data from 41 peer-reviewed studies (2012-2024) and evaluate the effects of biochar on soil chemistry and copper (Cu) mobility. The results revealed that biochar application increased the soil pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), and electrical conductivity (EC) while decreasing the available and TCLP-extractable Cu contents. Biochar with an ash content > 60% elevated the soil pH by ≥ 32.4%, and biochar with a specific surface area (SSA) of 50-100 m²/g enhanced the CEC by ≥ 183%. Low nitrogen content (N% <2%) increased EC by ≥ 61.27%, whereas high pH (> 7.5) and oxygen content (O% >20%) significantly reduced the available Cu (≥ 37.72% and ≥ 22.31%, respectively) and TCLP-extractable Cu (≥ 34.97% and ≥ 24.07%, respectively) contents. Notably, the largest improvement in pH occurred in highly acidic soils (initial pH = 3), and biochar with a pH > 7.5 most effectively reduced Cu mobility. Notably, the ability of biochar to immobilize Cu was independent of the initial soil pH. The immobilization of copper by biochar primarily involved several mechanisms, including precipitation, surface complexation with oxygen-containing functional groups, ion exchange, and physical adsorption within its porous structure. These findings provide actionable insights for the sustainable management of soil by highlighting the ability of biochar to increase soil fertility and remediate Cu-contaminated soils through chelation with Cu functional groups.
Indexed as
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.