ArticleO&G open2025
Association of Prenatal Exposure to Phthalates and Phenols With Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes.
Article in O&G open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Mediating effect of social determinants of health between race and phthalate biomarkers in pregnancy.Pregnancy (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo evaluate the association between prenatal exposures to phthalates and phenols and adverse pregnancy outcomes, including preterm birth (PTB), small-for-gestational-age (SGA) birth weight, and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).
methodsThis study analyzed data from the Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcomes consortium, which harmonized longitudinal data on more than 30,000 pregnancies and 57,000 children from 69 cohorts across the United States and Puerto Rico. Pregnancy outcomes included PTB, SGA, and GDM, identified from medical records or self-reports. Generalized estimating equations models with Poisson distribution and robust variance were used to estimate relative risks (RRs) and 95% CIs per interquartile range increase in urinary chemical concentrations.
resultsParticipants included 5,749 pregnant individuals with urinary concentrations of 13 phthalates and 8 phenols measured at least once during pregnancy. Among participants, 543 (9.4%) experienced PTB, 401 (7.0%) had GDM, and 335 (5.8%) had neonates with SGA birth weight. Higher concentrations of mono (3-carboxypropyl) phthalate (RR 1.24, 95% CI, 1.17-1.32), di-isodecyl phthalate (RR 1.22, 95% CI, 1.14-1.30), di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (RR 1.21, 95% CI, 1.14-1.28), and bisphenols (RR 1.15, 95% CI, 1.08-1.22) were associated with increased risk of PTB. Bisphenols were also associated with SGA (RR 1.14, 95% CI, 1.05-1.26), and oxybenzone (RR 1.10, 95% CI, 1.00-1.20) and phthalates were associated with GDM.
conclusionPrenatal exposure to phthalates and phenols is associated with an increased risk of PTB, SGA, and GDM. Reducing exposure through individual behaviors and regulatory measures may mitigate these risks.
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.