ArticleInternational journal of nanomedicine2025
MXene-Mediated Nanocarrier Delivery Enhances the Chondroprotective Effects of Quercetin in Experimental Osteoarthritis.
Article in International journal of nanomedicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Classification, Structure-Activity Relationship, and Anti-Osteoarthritis Mechanism of Natural Flavonoids.Chemistry & biodiversity · 2026Review
- Flavonoids as Immunoregulators: Molecular Mechanisms in Regulating Immune Cells and Their Therapeutic Applications in Inflammatory Diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Flavonoids: a natural remedy in the prevention and management of diverse diseases.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common chronic joint disease that severely affects patients' quality of life. Quercetin, a natural flavonoid, exhibits chondroprotective effects, though its bioavailability through regular oral consumption is limited. In this study, we employed two-dimensional MXene nanosheets as a nanocarrier to facilitate targeted intracellular delivery of quercetin, aiming to enhance its therapeutic efficacy against OA. Methods: Methods: Porous Ti₃C₂Tₓ MXene nanosheets were synthesized via selective etching and then loaded with quercetin through physical adsorption. Material characterization was performed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and in vitro release assays. For in vitro evaluation, IL-1β-stimulated primary mouse articular chondrocytes (ACs) were treated with free quercetin or MXene-loaded quercetin, followed by assessments of cell viability, apoptosis, cell cycle progression, migration, oxidative stress markers, and ferroptosis-related protein expression. For in vivo validation, a destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) mouse model of OA was established to assess cartilage morphology, ferroptosis markers, and histological changes after intra-articular injection of treatments. Results: MXene-loading significantly enhanced quercetin's protective effects in IL-1β-induced primary mouse ACs, including improved cell viability and proliferation, reduced apoptosis, alleviated oxidative stress, and suppression of ferroptosis. In OA mice, MXene-quercetin treatment more effectively preserved cartilage integrity and inhibited ferroptosis compared with free quercetin. Conclusion: These findings suggest that MXene can serve as a biocompatible carrier to improve quercetin delivery in osteoarthritis models, supporting its potential for further preclinical evaluation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.