Evidence mapPaperPMID 41002075Full record

Trial reportJMIR formative research2025

eHealth Applications Improve Glycemic Control in Patients With Diabetes: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Junjie Huang, Claire Chenwen Zhong, Siu Hin Wong, Chung Yi Lo, Man Kin Yim, Martin C S Wong

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in JMIR formative research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Junjie HuangThe Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong).ORCID 0000-0003-2382-4443
Claire Chenwen ZhongThe Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong).ORCID 0000-0001-8079-3634
Siu Hin WongThe Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong).ORCID 0009-0002-0430-0441
Chung Yi LoThe Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong).ORCID 0009-0007-0184-0668
Man Kin YimThe Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong).ORCID 0009-0002-9422-3960
Martin C S WongThe Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong).ORCID 0000-0001-7706-9370

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe eHealth app introduced a chronic disease management module to enhance the efficiency of clinical consultations and facilitate self-health management. However, there was limited information on health outcomes after using the module.

objectiveThis study aimed to examine the health outcomes of individuals who used the health management module of an individualized electronic application compared to those who did not.

methodsA randomized controlled trial was conducted with 165 participants, with 82 participants assigned to the control group and 83 participants assigned to the intervention group. Randomization was done via a computer randomizer to evaluate the impact of the eHealth chronic disease management module installation on clinical outcomes such as blood pressure, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), renal function tests, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and urine albumin/creatinine ratio. Data were collected at baseline and at follow-up visits at 4 and 8 months. Student t tests and chi-square tests were performed to analyze the difference between the intervention and control groups and examined the potential impact of the use of the eHealth chronic disease management module on various health outcomes.

resultsIn total, 161 participants were included in the analysis, with an average age of 66.58 (SD 9.75) and 66.49 (SD 8.45) years in control and intervention group respectively. After 4 months, the intervention group showed better glycemic control, with significantly lower mean HbA1c levels (mean 6.76%, SD 0.64%) compared to the control group (mean 7.09%, SD 0.82%, P=.007). Also, more participants in intervention group achieved optimal HbA1c levels (n=58, 73.4%; P=.004) compared to the control group (n=36, 49.3%) in month 4. App usage had significantly decreased when comparing the usage after 4 months (mean 1.88 points, SD 0.81 points) and month 8 (mean 1.39 points, SD 0.72 points; P<.001). The results indicated better glycemic control for participants using the module in a relatively shorter period of time, and app adherence was the key for the continuous optimal glycemic control.

conclusionsThese findings support the potential of the module for clinical application in patients with suboptimal glycemic control. The long-term benefit of the module may be affected by the compliance of participants to the module.

trial registrationChinese Clinical Trial Register ChiCTR2500108895; https://www.chictr.org.cn/showprojEN.html?proj=214865.

Indexed as

Diabetes MellitusDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Glycemic ControlMobile ApplicationsAgedBlood GlucoseFemaleGlycated HemoglobinHumansMaleMiddle AgedTelemedicineBlood GlucoseGlycated Hemoglobinhemoglobin A1c protein, humandiabeteseHealth chronic disease management moduleglycemic controlhemoglobin A1crandomized controlled trial

Identifiers

PMID41002075
PMCPMC12514407

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.