ArticleDiseases (Basel, Switzerland)2025
Progressive Increase in Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth Risk Following COVID-19 Infection: A Global Population-Based Study.
Article in Diseases (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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8 authors.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND/
objectivesCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms. Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) is emerging as a significant GI sequela post-COVID-19 infection. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and incidence of SIBO post-COVID-19 infection across different age groups and to identify associated risk factors in a global cohort.
methodsA retrospective study utilized the TriNetX database and included adult patients (≥18 years) diagnosed with SIBO following COVID-19 infection (1 January 2022-30 May 2024). A propensity score matching (1:1) was used to adjust for demographics and SIBO risk factors. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis assessed the SIBO incidence within 12 months.
resultsAmong 1,660,092 COVID-19 patients and 42,322,017 controls, SIBO was diagnosed in 353 COVID-19 patients without hydrogen breath tests (BT) and 78 with BT, compared to 3368 controls without BT and 871 with BT. Age-specific analysis demonstrated a clear, progressive increase in the SIBO incidence, becoming distinctly significant by 6 months and highest at 12 months post-infection. The highest risks were noted in ages 60-69 (0.011% vs. 0.004%, OR 2.6,
conclusionsCOVID-19 significantly increased the risk of SIBO, particularly within the first 12 months post-infection, across various age groups and, notably, in association with certain chronic medications. Clinical vigilance and targeted management strategies are recommended to mitigate long-term GI consequences.
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