Evidence mapPaperPMID 41006411Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Protective role of Karanjin against bisphenol A-Induced cognitive deficits and oxidative damage in a zebrafish model.

B Logeshwari, Srikanth Jeyabalan, Gayathri Veeraraghavan, K Krishnaraj, Chetan Ashok, Naveen Kumar Rajasekaran, S Devaraja Dravida Pandiyan, R Siva, Vetriselvan Subramaniyan, Ling Shing Wong

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

B Logeshwari *Department of Pharmacology, Sri Ramachandra Faculty of Pharmacy, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Porur, Chennai, 600116, Tamil Nadu, India.
Srikanth Jeyabalan *Department of Pharmacology, Sri Ramachandra Faculty of Pharmacy, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Porur, Chennai, 600116, Tamil Nadu, India. srikanth.j@sriramachandra.edu.in.
Gayathri VeeraraghavanCentre for Toxicology & Developmental Research (CEFTE), Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Porur, Chennai, 600116, Tamil Nadu, India.
K KrishnarajFormulation and development (R&D), Himalaya Wellness Company, Bengaluru, 562123, Karnataka, India.
Chetan AshokDepartment of Pharmacology, Sri Ramachandra Faculty of Pharmacy, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Porur, Chennai, 600116, Tamil Nadu, India.
Naveen Kumar RajasekaranDepartment of Pharmacology, Sri Ramachandra Faculty of Pharmacy, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Porur, Chennai, 600116, Tamil Nadu, India.
S Devaraja Dravida PandiyanDepartment of Pharmacology, Sri Ramachandra Faculty of Pharmacy, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Porur, Chennai, 600116, Tamil Nadu, India.
R SivaCentre for Toxicology & Developmental Research (CEFTE), Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Porur, Chennai, 600116, Tamil Nadu, India.
Vetriselvan SubramaniyanDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Sir Jeffrey Cheah Sunway Medical School, Faculty of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, 47500, Malaysia.
Ling Shing WongFaculty of Health and Life Sciences, INTI International University, Putra Nilai, 71800, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Bisphenol A (BPA), a persistent environmental contaminant with endocrine-disrupting properties, has been extensively linked to neurotoxicity, leading to cognitive decline, synaptic dysfunction, and neuronal degeneration. It crosses the blood-brain barrier and induces oxidative stress, mitochondrial impairment, and neuroinflammation, leading to neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. This study investigates the neuroprotective effects of karanjin, a naturally occurring furanoflavonoid, against BPA-induced neurotoxicity using zebrafish (Danio rerio) as a model organism. Adult zebrafish were exposed to 4 mg/L BPA for 21 days, followed by karanjin supplementation at 5 mg/L and 10 mg/L. Standard neuroprotective agents, donepezil and mentat, were used for comparison. Behavioral assessments, including novel tank diving, T-maze, novel object recognition, and Y-maze tests, showed that BPA exposure caused significant impairments in exploratory behavior, learning, and memory, which were reversed by high-dose karanjin. Biochemical analysis indicated BPA exposure elevated acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, which was significantly reduced by karanjin. Furthermore, karanjin restored glutathione (GSH) levels, increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and reduced lipid peroxidation (LPO), indicating strong antioxidant capacity. Histopathological evaluation confirmed karanjin's neuroprotective effects by preserving neuronal integrity and preventing degeneration. These findings suggest karanjin exhibits neuroprotective potential comparable to FDA-approved drugs, warranting further research for therapeutic applications in neurodegenerative disorders.

Indexed as

Benzhydryl CompoundsCognitive DysfunctionNeuroprotective AgentsOxidative StressPhenolsAcetylcholinesteraseAnimalsAntioxidantsBehavior, AnimalBisphenol A CompoundsDisease Models, AnimalGlutathioneLipid PeroxidationMaze LearningZebrafishAcetylcholinesteraseAntioxidantsBenzhydryl Compoundsbisphenol ABisphenol A CompoundsGlutathioneNeuroprotective AgentsPhenolsAcetylcholinesterase inhibitionBisphenol AHuman healthKaranjinNeurotoxicityZebrafish (Danio rerio)

Identifiers

PMID41006411
PMCPMC12475202

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.