ReviewBioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)2025
3D Printing for Tissue Engineering: Printing Techniques, Biomaterials, Challenges, and the Emerging Role of 4D Bioprinting.
Review in Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Additive Manufacturing of Engineered Tissue Constructs: Current Strategies and Future Directions.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tissue Engineering: Biological Principles, Engineered Substitutes, and Preclinical Outcomes.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Bone Substitutes in Alveolar Ridge Augmentation: A Narrative Literature Review.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2026Review
- The Role of 3D Printing in Regenerative Medicine: A Game-Changer in Tissue Engineering.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Mastoid Obliteration After Canal Wall Down Mastoidectomy Using Tissue Engineering Approaches with Polymers, Mesenchymal Stem Cells, and Bioactive Molecules: A Systematic Review.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Integrated strategies in meniscus tissue engineering: from biomaterials to stem cell-driven regeneration.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Organ failure constitutes a significant global concern requiring urgent attention. While organ transplantation offers prospective treatment, it remains suboptimal. The scarcity of donor organs and the need for lifelong immunosuppressive treatments highlight the necessity for innovative approaches in regenerative medicine. In response, tissue engineering has emerged as a promising alternative, particularly through advancements in three-dimensional (3D) and four-dimensional (4D) printing technologies. These approaches enable the fabrication of complex, patient-specific constructs for regenerating tissues such as skin, bone, cartilage, and vascularized organs. This review systematically examines 3D printing techniques, commonly used biomaterials (e.g., hydrogels, bio-inks, and polymers), and their applications in dermal, cardiovascular, bone, and neural regeneration. In addition to discussing 3D technology, an introduction to 4D bioprinting is provided, enabling advanced biomedical applications and establishing itself as an innovative tool that enhances the classic approach to 3D bioprinting in the context of regenerative medicine. Finally, key challenges and ethical considerations are discussed to provide a comprehensive perspective on the current state and future of printed scaffolds in regenerative medicine.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.