Evidence mapPaperPMID 41007867Full record

ReviewBiomedicines2025

Linking Metabolic Disorders and Immune System Phenomena in Schizophrenia: The Role of Adipose Tissue and Inflammation.

Aleksandra Julia Oracz, Mateusz Zwierz, Maciej Naumowicz, Stefan Modzelewski, Maria Suprunowicz, Napoleon Waszkiewicz

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Biomedicines, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Aleksandra Julia OraczDepartment of Psychiatry, Medical University of Bialystok, pl. Wołodyjowskiego 2, 15-272 Białystok, Poland.
Mateusz ZwierzFaculty of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry, Division of Medical Education in English, Medical University of Bialystok, Jana Kilińskiego 1, 15-089 Białystok, Poland.ORCID 0009-0006-3806-9849
Maciej NaumowiczFaculty of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry, Division of Medical Education in English, Medical University of Bialystok, Jana Kilińskiego 1, 15-089 Białystok, Poland.
Stefan ModzelewskiDepartment of Psychiatry, Medical University of Bialystok, pl. Wołodyjowskiego 2, 15-272 Białystok, Poland.ORCID 0009-0001-2448-1190
Maria SuprunowiczDepartment of Psychiatry, Medical University of Bialystok, pl. Wołodyjowskiego 2, 15-272 Białystok, Poland.ORCID 0009-0006-6233-3945
Napoleon WaszkiewiczDepartment of Psychiatry, Medical University of Bialystok, pl. Wołodyjowskiego 2, 15-272 Białystok, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-7021-5133

Funding

Medical University of Białystok B.SUB.25.437
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Emerging evidence highlights the role of chronic low-grade inflammation and dysregulated cytokines in both obesity and schizophrenia, suggesting overlapping immune system pathways that contribute to cognition and nervous system inflammation. Excess adipose tissue functions as an active endocrine organ, releasing pro-inflammatory mediators that may serve as potential biomarkers, while the use of antipsychotic agents in schizophrenia further modifies cytokine profiles and immune responses. A key knowledge gap lies in understanding how adipose-related inflammation modifies the severity of psychotic symptoms, cognitive deficits, and the efficacy of antipsychotic medications. This review aims to present excess adipose tissue as a potential contributor to the development of SCZ or a modifier of treatment efficacy, emphasizing the role of immune imbalance, inflammatory pathways, and metabolic dysfunction. By synthesizing current findings, we aim to present obesity not only as a frequent comorbidity in schizophrenia but also as a potential driver of neuroinflammation and disease progression. Here, we demonstrate that excess adiposity may perpetuate a vicious cycle linking metabolic dysfunction, immune activation, and psychiatric symptomatology. Situating these findings within a broader context, the review underscores the clinical need for inflammation-informed, individualized management strategies that integrate psychiatric care with metabolic monitoring. Ultimately, clarifying the shared inflammatory pathways of obesity and schizophrenia may open new avenues for biomarker development and targeted interventions.

Indexed as

adipose tissueantipsychotic agentsbiomarkerscytokinesimmune system phenomenainflammationmetabolic disordersobesityschizophrenia

Identifiers

PMID41007867
PMCPMC12467630

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.