Evidence mapPaperPMID 41008976Full record

ReviewAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)2025

Oxidative Stress and Biomarkers in Craniofacial Fractures Healing: From Lipid Peroxidation to Antioxidant Therapies.

Łukasz Woźniak, Żaneta Anna Mierzejewska, Jan Borys, Wioletta Ratajczak-Wrona, Bożena Antonowicz

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Łukasz WoźniakDepartment of Dental Surgery, Medical University of Bialystok, M. Sklodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland.ORCID 0000-0001-6889-1012
Żaneta Anna MierzejewskaInstitute of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Department, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45C, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-8363-9090
Jan BorysDepartment of Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, Medical University of Bialystok, M. Sklodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland.
Wioletta Ratajczak-WronaDepartment of Immunology, Medical University of Bialystok, Jerzego Waszyngtona 15A, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-7634-0875
Bożena AntonowiczDepartment of Dental Surgery, Medical University of Bialystok, M. Sklodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Facial bone fractures represent a significant clinical challenge due to their impact on function, aesthetics, and quality of life. Despite advances in imaging and surgical techniques, early and accurate assessment of the healing process remains limited. Conventional diagnostic methods often detect complications, such as delayed union or non-union, too late for optimal intervention. Oxidative stress-an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant defenses-plays a critical role in bone regeneration. In this review, biomarkers are presented in two main categories: (1) oxidative damage biomarkers (lipid peroxidation products: malondialdehyde, 4-hydroxynonenal, and F2-isoprostanes) and (2) antioxidant biomarkers (glutathione, enzymatic antioxidants: SOD, GPx, CAT). Their potential as non-invasive diagnostic and prognostic tools in craniofacial fracture healing is evaluated, along with emerging therapeutic strategies. Monitoring their levels in blood samples may provide real-time insights into the dynamics of fracture repair, enabling earlier detection of healing disturbances and informing personalized treatment approaches.

Indexed as

antioxidant therapybiomarkersbone healingcraniofacial traumaoxidative stress

Identifiers

PMID41008976
PMCPMC12466613

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.