Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41009516›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2025

Vitreous MMP-2, TIMP-1, and TIMP-2 Levels in Vitreoretinal Pathologies: A Prospective Analysis of 181 Eyes.

Rami Al-Dwairi, Tamam El-Elimat, Abdelwahab Aleshawi, Ahmed Al Sharie, Seren Al Beiruti, Abdallah Sharayah, Mohammad Al Qudah, Laith Abu Zreig, Walaa Awad, Hosni Alzoubi

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Rami Al-DwairiDivision of Ophthalmology, Department of Special Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan.
Tamam El-ElimatDepartment of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan.ORCID 0000-0002-9246-4974
Abdelwahab AleshawiDivision of Ophthalmology, Department of Special Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan.
Ahmed Al SharieDepartment of Internal Medicine, Southeast Health, Dothan, AL 36301, USA.
Seren Al BeirutiDivision of Ophthalmology, Department of Special Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan.
Abdallah SharayahDivision of Ophthalmology, Department of Special Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan.
Mohammad Al QudahDivision of Ophthalmology, Department of Special Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan.
Laith Abu ZreigDivision of Ophthalmology, Department of Special Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan.
Walaa AwadDivision of Ophthalmology, Department of Special Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan.
Hosni AlzoubiDivision of Ophthalmology, Department of Special Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan.

Funding

Jordan University of Science and Technology 20240218
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Little is known about the role of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their inhibitors (TIMPs) in the vitreous and retinal environments. This study aimed to assess the vitreous levels of members of the MMP and TIMP families in patients who were scheduled to undergo pars plana vitrectomy (PPV). Prospectively, all patients scheduled for PPV and who met the inclusion criteria were invited. The included retinal conditions were advanced proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD), vitreomacular interface diseases, endophthalmitis, and dropped crystalline lenses. Undiluted vitreous samples were obtained during the early stage of PPV. The levels of TIMP1, TIMP2, MMP2, and TIMP2/MMP2 ratio were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A total of 181 eyes were included in this study. The levels of TIMP2 and the TIMP2/MMP2 ratio were significantly higher in the advanced PDR group than in the other groups. Significantly, TIMP2 and TIMP2/MMP2 levels were highest in the endophthalmitis group, whereas MMP2 levels were highest in the dropped crystalline lenses group. The presence of diabetes mellitus and of preoperative glaucoma were significantly associated with higher TIMP1 levels. In RRD cases alone, all biomarkers were significantly elevated with higher PVR grades. Furthermore, TIMP1 and MMP2 correlated with macular detachment. A relationship between the vitreous levels of MMPs and TIMPs and the pathogenesis of vitreoretinal pathology may exist. Further studies and trials are recommended to explore the potential use of MMPs and TIMPs in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of eye diseases.

Indexed as

Matrix Metalloproteinase 2Retinal DiseasesTissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2Vitreous BodyAdultAgedBiomarkersDiabetic RetinopathyFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesRetinal DetachmentVitrectomyBiomarkersMatrix Metalloproteinase 2MMP2 protein, humanTIMP1 protein, humanTIMP2 protein, humanTissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2pars plana vitrectomyrhegmatogenous retinal detachmentTIMP2vitreous

Identifiers

PMID41009516
PMCPMC12469924

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.