ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2025
Prognostic Role of MMP2, MMP9, and IL-1β Markers in Cardiac Allograft Rejection After Transplantation.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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7 authors.
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Abstract
Cardiac allograft rejection remains a major cause of graft dysfunction post-transplant. While histology is the current diagnostic standard, it may miss early immune and inflammatory events. This study evaluated the immunohistochemical expression of matrix metalloproteinases 2 (MMP2), 9 (MMP9), and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) in cardiac transplant patients, correlating their expression with acute cellular rejection (ACR), antibody-mediated rejection (AMR), inflammation, vasculitis, the Quilty effect, and immune markers. Fifty-nine endomyocardial biopsy specimens were retrospectively analyzed. Immunohistochemical staining for MMP2, MMP9, and IL-1β was assessed based on nuclear, cytoplasmic, and membranous expression. Correlations were evaluated using Fisher's exact test and odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). IL-1β nuclear expression showed strong associations with ACR (
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