ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2025
Global and Sex-Stratified Genome-Wide Association Study of Long COVID Based on Patient-Driven Symptom Recall.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Emerging trends in post-COVID immune dysregulation: a narrative review.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2026Review
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Authors and funding
23 authors.
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Abstract
We aimed to explore the global and sex-specific genetic variants associated with long COVID, as defined by patient-driven symptom recall. A 1-year cohort study of 2411 COVID-19 patients collected long COVID symptoms with an open-ended, non-directed questionnaire, and long COVID incidence was determined according to the World Health Organization definition. Global and sex-stratified genome-wide association analyses were conducted by logistic regression models adjusted for age, sex (in the global analysis), and the first 10 principal components. We assessed sex-variant interactions and performed gene-based analyses, gene mapping, and gene-set enrichment analyses. When comparing the 1392 long COVID cases with the non-cases, we identified 23 lead variants from suggestive signals: 13 from the global analysis, 5 from females, and 5 from males. Five variants showed a significant interaction with sex (two in females, three in males). We mapped 15 protein-coding genes related to diseases of the immune and nervous systems and tumoral processes. Notably, CD5 and VPS37C, linked to immune function, were significantly associated with long COVID in men. Our results suggest that persistent immune dysregulation may be involved in the development of precisely defined long COVID.
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