Evidence mapPaperPMID 41009850Full record

ArticleAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)2025

Increased Antimicrobial Consumption, Isolation Rate, and Resistance Profiles of Multi-Drug Resistant

Predrag Savic, Ljiljana Gojkovic Bukarica, Predrag Stevanovic, Teodora Vitorovic, Zoran Bukumiric, Olivera Vucicevic, Nenad Milanov, Vladimir Zivanovic, Ana Bukarica, Milos Gostimirovic

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Article in Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Predrag SavicUniversity Hospital Centre Dr Dragisa Misovic-Dedinje, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
Ljiljana Gojkovic BukaricaUniversity Hospital Centre Dr Dragisa Misovic-Dedinje, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.ORCID 0000-0002-5503-8837
Predrag StevanovicUniversity Hospital Centre Dr Dragisa Misovic-Dedinje, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.ORCID 0000-0002-6321-7376
Teodora VitorovicUniversity Hospital Centre Dr Dragisa Misovic-Dedinje, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
Zoran BukumiricInstitute of Statistics and Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.ORCID 0000-0002-7609-4504
Olivera VucicevicUniversity Hospital Centre Dr Dragisa Misovic-Dedinje, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
Nenad MilanovUniversity Hospital Centre Dr Dragisa Misovic-Dedinje, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
Vladimir ZivanovicUniversity Hospital Centre Dr Dragisa Misovic-Dedinje, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.ORCID 0000-0002-6282-7092
Ana BukaricaInstitute for Cardiovascular Diseases Dedinje, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.ORCID 0009-0002-0096-2181
Milos GostimirovicInstitute of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.ORCID 0000-0002-8941-8088

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe aims of this paper are to examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the non-rational use of antibiotics and potential alterations in the antibiotic resistance profiles of multi-drug resistant (MDR) isolates of MATERIAL AND

methodsThis study was conducted at the tertiary University Hospital "Dr Dragisa Misovic-Dedinje" (Belgrade, Serbia) and was divided into three periods: pre-pandemic (1.4.2019-31.3.2020, period I), COVID-19 pandemic (1.4.2020-31.3.2021, period II), and COVID-19 pandemic-second phase (1.4.2021-31.3.2022, period III). Cultures were taken from each patient with clinically suspected infection (symptoms, biochemical markers of infection). All departments of the hospital were included in this study. Based on the source, all microbiological specimens were divided into 1° blood, 2° respiratory tract (tracheal aspirate, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, throat, sputum), 3° central-line catheter, 4° urine, 5° urinary catheter, 6° skin and soft tissue, and 6° other (peritoneal fluid, drainage sample, bioptate, bile, incisions, fistulas, and abscesses). After the isolation of bacterial strains from the samples, an antibiotic sensitivity test was performed for each individual isolate with the automated Vitek

resultsA total of 2196 strains of KPN, PAE, and ABA from 41,144 hospitalized patients were isolated (23.6% of the number of total isolates). The number of ABA isolates statistically increased (

conclusionsThe COVID-19 pandemic has influenced the increase in total and MDR strains of KPN, ABA, and PAE and worsened their antibiotic resistance profiles. An increase in the consumption of both total and specific antibiotics was observed, mostly of fluoroquinolones and carbapenems. A positive correlation between the number of patients on MV and an increase in MDR KPN and MDR PAE strains was noted. It is necessary to adopt and demand the implementation of appropriate antimicrobial stewardship interventions to decrease the resistance of intrahospital pathogens to antibiotics.

Indexed as

antibiotic consumptionantibiotic resistanceCOVID-19 infectionMDR bacterial isolates

Identifiers

PMID41009850
PMCPMC12466518

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.