Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41010465›Full record

ArticleNutrients2025

Protective Effects of Coixol Against Nε-Carboxymethyllysine-Induced Injury in IMR-32 Neuronal Cells: Modulation of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Amyloidogenic Pathways.

Mei-Chou Lai, Wayne Young Liu, Yu-Cheng Tzeng, I-Min Liu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nutrients, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Mei-Chou LaiDepartment of Pharmacy and Master Program, Collage of Pharmacy and Health Care, Tajen University, Pingtung County 90741, Taiwan.
Wayne Young LiuDepartment of Urology, Jen-Ai Hospital, Taichung City 412224, Taiwan.
Yu-Cheng TzengKaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City 80708, Taiwan.
I-Min LiuDepartment of Pharmacy and Master Program, Collage of Pharmacy and Health Care, Tajen University, Pingtung County 90741, Taiwan.

Funding

Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan MOST 111-2320-B-127-001
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND/

objectivesThe accumulation of Nε-carboxymethyllysine (CML), a major advanced glycation end product (AGE), has been implicated in neuronal dysfunction by promoting oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and dysregulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) metabolism. This study evaluated the neuroprotective properties of coixol, a naturally occurring polyphenolic compound derived from the outer layers of

methodsCells were pretreated with coixol (1 μmol/L),

resultsCoixol pretreatment significantly enhanced cell viability by attenuating ROS accumulation and restoring antioxidant enzyme activities. Concurrently, coixol suppressed ER stress signaling via downregulation of the protein kinase R-like ER kinase/C/EBP homologous protein axis and modulated apoptosis by increasing B-cell lymphoma (Bcl)-2, reducing Bcl-2-associated X protein expression, and inhibiting caspase-3 activation and DNA fragmentation. Furthermore, coixol regulated Aβ metabolism by inhibiting the expression of β-site amyloid precursor protein-cleaving enzyme 1 and presenilin 1, while restoring insulin-degrading enzyme and neprilysin levels, leading to reduced accumulation of Aβ40 and Aβ42.

conclusionsCompared to NALC and 4-PBA, coixol demonstrated comparable or superior modulation across multiple pathological pathways. These findings highlight coixol's potential as a neuroprotective candidate in AGE-associated neurodegenerative conditions.

Indexed as

CatecholsEndoplasmic Reticulum StressLysineNeuronsNeuroprotective AgentsAmyloid beta-PeptidesApoptosisCell LineCell SurvivalHumansOxidative StressReactive Oxygen SpeciesSignal TransductionAmyloid beta-PeptidesCatecholsLysineN(6)-carboxymethyllysineNeuroprotective AgentsReactive Oxygen Speciesadvanced glycation end productsAβ metabolismcoixolendoplasmic reticulum stressIMR-32 cellsNε-carboxymethyllysine

Identifiers

PMID41010465
PMCPMC12472994

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.