Evidence mapPaperPMID 41010474Full record

ArticleNutrients2025

Mediterranean Diet Adherence and Sleep Quality Among Primary and Secondary School Teachers in Portugal: An Exploratory Cross-Sectional Study.

Leandro Oliveira, António Raposo, Thamer Alslamah, Hani A Alfheeaid, Nada Alqarawi, Marta Esgalhado

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Article in Nutrients, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

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2 citing papers in PubMed.

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5 · Who and what money

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6 authors.

Leandro OliveiraCBIOS (Research Center for Biosciences and Health Technologies), ECTS (School of Health Sciences and Technologies), Lusófona University, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal.ORCID 0000-0003-1238-1798
António RaposoCBIOS (Research Center for Biosciences and Health Technologies), ECTS (School of Health Sciences and Technologies), Lusófona University, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal.ORCID 0000-0002-5286-2249
Thamer AlslamahDepartment of Public Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0001-8776-9514
Hani A AlfheeaidDepartment of Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Food, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0002-3700-4086
Nada AlqarawiDepartment of Psychiatric and Mental Health, and Community Health, College of Nursing, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0002-1814-2248
Marta EsgalhadoCBIOS (Research Center for Biosciences and Health Technologies), ECTS (School of Health Sciences and Technologies), Lusófona University, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDiet and sleep are modifiable lifestyle factors that influence health and well-being. While adherence to the Mediterranean diet has been associated with improved sleep quality, this relationship remains understudied in high-stress occupational groups such as school teachers.

objectiveTo examine the association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and self-reported sleep quality among primary and secondary school teachers in Portugal.

methodsA cross-sectional study was conducted with 113 teachers who completed a self-administered digital questionnaire. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was assessed using the 14-item Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS) and sleep quality was evaluated with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI).

resultsOf the 113 participants, 58% reported poor sleep quality (PSQI > 5), and the median PSQI score was 6.0 (IQR 4.0-8.8). The median MEDAS score was 9.0 (IQR 8.0-10.0), with 34% classified as having high adherence. When stratified by dietary adherence, there were no statistically significant differences in global PSQI or its components, and multivariable linear regression showed no association between MEDAS and PSQI. Patterns varied by teaching level: poor sleep predominated in most levels except the 2nd Cycle; high adherence was most prevalent in the 1st Cycle, moderate adherence predominated in the 3rd Cycle and secondary education, and the 2nd Cycle showed similar shares of moderate and high adherence.

conclusionsIn this occupational group, poor sleep was common and varied across teaching levels, while Mediterranean diet adherence showed no detectable association with overall sleep quality in this study. Larger, longitudinal studies using objective assessments of diet and sleep, and accounting for factors such as stress and chronotype, are warranted to clarify potential links in educational settings.

Indexed as

Diet, MediterraneanSchool TeachersSleep QualityAdultCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPortugalSelf ReportSurveys and Questionnairescross-sectional studyMediterranean dietPortugalsleep qualityteachers

Identifiers

PMID41010474
PMCPMC12472635

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