ReviewNutrients2025
The Ketogenic Diet Through a Metabolomic Lens: Biochemical Pathways, Therapeutic Applications, and Analytical Challenges.
Review in Nutrients, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Redox coupling of lactate and β-hydroxybutyrate: An inter-organ circuit linking metabolic flexibility, mitochondrial adaptation, and disease.Redox biology · 2026Review
- Metabolomic Profiling of Plasma in Children with Drug-Resistant Epilepsy: The Effect of the Ketogenic Diet on Energy and Amino Acid Pathways.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Divergent Liver and Kidney Metabolic Responses to Ketogenic, High-Fat, and Sucrose-Enriched Diets in Mice.Nutrients · 2026Article
- The Ketogenic Diet and Potential Micronutrient Risks in Drug-Resistant Epilepsy Management: A Literature Review.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Effects of Ketogenic Diet on Quality of Life in Parkinson Disease: An Integrative Review.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Opinions on Ketogenic Diets Among Students and Academic Teachers at the University of Pécs, Hungary: A Cross-Sectional Survey.Nutrients · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe ketogenic diet (KD), a high-fat and low-carbohydrate dietary approach, has been used therapeutically in drug-resistant epilepsy and other neurological and metabolic disorders. Recent interest has shifted toward understanding its broader metabolic effects through metabolomics. This review aims to summarize current knowledge on the biochemical mechanisms and therapeutic implications of the KD, with a particular focus on metabolomic profiling and neurological health.
methodsThis narrative review synthesizes findings from the last five years of metabolomic studies investigating the biochemical consequences of the KD and its variants, including the classical KD, modified Atkins diet (MAD), medium-chain triglyceride diet (MCT), and low glycemic index treatment (LGIT). The review integrates data on analytical techniques, such as liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and evaluates alterations in key metabolic pathways.
resultsThe KD significantly modulates energy metabolism, shifting adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production from glycolysis to fatty acid oxidation and ketone body utilization. It affects mitochondrial function, one-carbon metabolism, redox balance, neurotransmitter regulation, and gut-brain axis signaling. Metabolomic profiling has identified β-hydroxybutyrate (βHB) as a key regulatory metabolite influencing mitochondrial respiration. Long-term KD use may impact renal and hepatic function, necessitating clinical caution and individualized nutritional monitoring.
conclusionsMetabolomic analysis provides critical insights into the multifaceted effects of the KD, supporting its role as a targeted metabolic therapy in neurological diseases. However, potential risks linked to prolonged ketosis warrant further investigation. Future studies should focus on personalized applications and long-term safety profiles of KD variants across patient populations.
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