Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41012145›Full record

ArticleVaccines2025

Efficacy of Whole-Cell-Based Mono- and Bi-Valent Vaccines Against

Qiushi Zhang, Nengbin Zhu, Ruiping Xu, Eakapol Wangkahart, Lin Zhang, Lihe Liu, Rui Wang, Zhen Xu, Weiguang Kong, Hongsen Xu

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Vaccines, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Outer membrane vesicles fromMicrobiology spectrum · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Qiushi ZhangHubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China.
Nengbin ZhuHubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China.
Ruiping XuHubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China.
Eakapol WangkahartLaboratory of Fish Immunology and Nutrigenomics, Applied Animal and Aquatic Sciences Research Unit, Division of Fisheries, Faculty of Technology, Mahasarakham University, Khamriang Sub-District, Kantarawichai, Mahasarakham 44150, Thailand.ORCID 0000-0002-4100-7570
Lin ZhangYangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China.
Lihe LiuHubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China.
Rui WangHubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China.
Zhen XuKey Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
Weiguang KongKey Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
Hongsen XuHubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China.ORCID 0000-0002-8639-0745

Funding

Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China 2023AFA002, 2022CFB859, 2021CFB265National Natural Science Foundation of China 32225050, U24A20461, 32303053Natural Science Foundation of Wuhan 2024040701010071
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND/

objectives

methodsThree formalin-inactivated whole-cell vaccines prepared from

resultsAll groups of vaccinated fish exhibited increased serum enzymatic activity compared with control fish, which peaked at week 3 after vaccination; in particular, that of the Bivalent Av-Ns group increased remarkably. The expression of immune-related genes in the spleen, head, and kidneys increased after immunization and were significantly enhanced (

conclusionsOur findings indicate that the administration of the

Indexed as

Aeromonas veroniiBivalent inactivated vaccineImmune responsesMicropterus salmoidesNocardia seriolae

Identifiers

PMID41012145
PMCPMC12474441

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.