ReviewPharmaceutics2025
Cracking the Blood-Brain Barrier Code: Rational Nanomaterial Design for Next-Generation Neurological Therapies.
Review in Pharmaceutics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Global research trends and hotspots of exosome-mediated drug delivery across the blood-brain barrier: a bibliometric study from 2015 to 2025.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Pooled it
- Acetyl L-Carnitine Nanoparticles Modulate Neuronal and Inflammatory Responses in In Vitro Cell Model.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Nanomedicine targeting neuroinflammatory pathways in Alzheimer's disease: a new frontier in inflammopharmacology.Inflammopharmacology · 2026Review
- From insult to hyperexcitability: pharmacological targeting of MyD88 and JAK/STAT3 pathways in epilepsy.Inflammopharmacology · 2026Review
- Advances in Strategies to Transport Nanoparticles Across the Blood-Brain Barrier for Drug Delivery into the Brain for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Curcumin nanoformulations in drug-resistant epilepsy: A mini review on mechanisms, preclinical evidence, and translational challenges.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- From Polyphenols to Prodrugs: Bridging the Blood-Brain Barrier with Nanomedicine and Neurotherapeutics.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- A chitosan-lasso peptides nanoparticle for enhanced antibacterial activity and fresh-keeping efficacy in eggs and chilled chicken.Current research in food science · 2026Article
- Toward nanomedicine-enabled RNA therapeutics for Alzheimer's disease.Molecular neurodegeneration advances · 2026Review
- Polydopamine Modified with Brain Targeting Peptide Rabies Virus Glycoprotein for Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease by Inhibiting Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Response.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Article
- Multifunctional Nanoparticles in Traumatic Brain Injury: From Targeted Imaging and Diagnosis to Innovative Therapeutics.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Nanoengineered phytochemicals overcome blood-brain barrier constraints in neurodegenerative disorders.Frontiers in neurology · 2026Review
- How do nanoparticle properties shape pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics? A mechanistic review.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Research progress of stem cells in the treatment of atherosclerosis.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
This review provides a mechanistic framework to strategically design nanoparticles capable of efficiently crossing the blood-brain barrier (BBB), a critical limitation in neurological treatments. We systematically analyze nanoparticle-BBB transport mechanisms, including receptor-mediated transcytosis, adsorptive-mediated transcytosis, and transient barrier modulation. Essential nanoparticle parameters (size, shape, stiffness, surface charge, and biofunctionalization) are evaluated for their role in enhancing brain targeting. For instance, receptor-targeted nanoparticles can significantly enhance brain uptake, achieving levels of up to 17.2% injected dose per gram (ID/g) in preclinical glioma models. Additionally, validated preclinical models (human-derived in vitro systems, rodents, and non-human primates) and advanced imaging techniques crucial for assessing nanoparticle performance are discussed. Distinct from prior BBB nanocarrier reviews that primarily catalogue mechanisms, this work (i) derives quantitative 'design windows' (size 10-100 nm, aspect ratio ~2-5, near-neutral ζ) linked to transcytosis efficiency, (ii) cross-walks human-relevant in vitro/in vivo models (including TEER thresholds and NHP evidence) into a translational decision guide, and (iii) integrates regulatory/toxicology readiness (ISO 10993-4, FDA/EMA, ICH) into practical checklists. We also curate recent (2020-2025) %ID/g brain-uptake data across lipidic, polymeric, protein, inorganic, and hybrid vectors to provide actionable, evidence-based rules for BBB design.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.