ArticleJournal of diabetes investigation2025
Correlation between time in range and mild cognitive impairment in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Article in Journal of diabetes investigation, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- CVOT Summit Report 2025: advances along the cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic disease continuum.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2026Article
- Advances in continuous glucose monitoring and their impact on glycemic control in diabetes.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
aimsTo investigate the association between time in range (TIR) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in older adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the contributions of various indicators to MCI. MATERIALS AND
methodsTwo hundred and three participants received continuous glucose monitoring and cognitive assessments. Relative weight analysis assessed TIR and other factors' contributions to MCI. Binary logistic analysis explored TIR-MCI associations across the sample and by age and sex.
resultsTIR showed a stronger association with MCI than diabetes duration, education, systolic blood pressure (SBP), urinary albumin-creatinine ratio (UACR), and C-peptide (25.59% relative weight). Multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for MCI declined with increasing TIR quartile (Q) (Q1 [reference group], ≤40%; Q2, 40.3-51.1%, OR 0.402, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.094-1.717; Q3, 51.2-61.2%, OR 0.113, 95% CI 0.023-0.565; Q4, ≥61.3%, OR 0.050, 95% CI 0.007-0.343). This protective association remained when TIR was treated as a continuous variable and adjusted for covariates (OR 0.917, 95% CI 0.867-0.969, P = 0.002). Women with TIR ≥61.3% had lower MCI risk. Men with TIR 51.2-61.2% had lower MCI risk.
conclusionsBesides hemoglobin A1c, clinicians should consider low TIR as a risk factor for MCI in older T2DM patients. Women potentially require a higher TIR target to prevent MCI.
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