Evidence mapPaperPMID 41016921Full record

ArticleArchives of women's mental health2025

Oral contraceptive treatment improves cognitive performance in polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) patients.

Saloni Kumari, Soumen Manna, Sheeba Marwah, Himani Ahluwalia, Shweta Panwar

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Article in Archives of women's mental health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Saloni KumariDepartment of Physiology, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College & Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India.
Soumen MannaDepartment of Physiology, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College & Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India. drsoumen.manna@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3573-2351
Sheeba MarwahDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College & Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3223-9396
Himani AhluwaliaDepartment of Physiology, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College & Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5494-394X
Shweta PanwarDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College & Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeOral contraceptives (OCs) are commonly used for the treatment of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). However, the therapeutic effects of OCs on cognitive function have not been explored extensively. This study aimed to determine the changes in cognitive function in PCOS patients treated with three cycles of combined oral contraceptives (COCs) containing estrogen and progesterone.

methodsDrug-naive PCOS patients (N = 35), aged 18-35 years, were evaluated at baseline and three months after treatment with COC containing levonorgestrel (0.15 mg) plus ethinyl estradiol (30 µg). Working memory (WM), attention, and executive function domains of cognition were assessed using the auditory and visual digit span test (DST), continuous performance test-identical pair (CPT-IP), and trail-making test (TMT), respectively.

resultsThe DST results showed improvements in the maximal digit span (ML) of the auditory (p = 0.0039) and visual (p = 0.0005) WM tasks after treatment. Improvements were also observed in the mean span (MS) of the auditory (Cohen's d = 0.94, p = 0.0009) and visual (Cohen's d = 0.90, p < 0.0001) DST after treatment. In CPT-IP test, the mean reaction time (RT) of hit rate (Cohen's d = 0.64, p = 0.01) and random errors (Cohen's d = 0.64, p = 0.01) showed a significant decrease after treatment. After treatment, TMT showed a significant decrease in all parameters, except trail 1 errors (p = 0.1079).

conclusionsThis preliminary study suggests that three months of COCs treatment in PCOS patients improves cognitive performance in the domains of WM, attention, and executive function. However, the lack of a control group and short follow-up period limits the strength of our findings.

Indexed as

CognitionContraceptives, Oral, CombinedEthinyl EstradiolLevonorgestrelPolycystic Ovary SyndromeAdolescentAdultAttentionExecutive FunctionFemaleHumansMemory, Short-TermNeuropsychological TestsTreatment OutcomeYoung AdultContraceptives, Oral, CombinedEthinyl EstradiolLevonorgestrelAttentionCognitionCombined oral contraceptivesPolycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS)Working memory

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.