ArticleFood science & nutrition2025
Astaxanthin Alleviates Lead-Induced Toxicity by Restoring Hepatic and Gut-Liver Axis Homeostasis Through Multidimensional Metabolic and Antioxidative Pathways.
Article in Food science & nutrition, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Unravelling Mechanisms of Oxinflammation Induced by Heavy Metals.Metabolites · 2026Review
- Salidroside in heavy metal toxicity: a mechanistic review of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic pathways.Biometals : an international journal on the role of metal ions in biology, biochemistry, and medicine · 2026Review
- Synergistic Effects of a Pro-Inflammatory-High-Fat Composite Dietary Pattern on Gut-Liver Injury and the Therapeutic Potential ofNutrients · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Lead (Pb) poisoning is a major public health concern of environmental origin in the world. It is essential to develop effective ways such as utilizing natural products as therapeutic agents for prevention and therapy of Pb-induced diseases. This study explores the effects and underlying mechanisms of astaxanthin (ATX), a natural compound with potent antioxidant properties, in alleviating Pb-induced toxicity in model mice. Supplementation with ATX significantly ameliorated lead-induced physiological and biochemical disruptions, including weight loss, hepatic and renal damage, and metabolic imbalances. Metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses revealed that ATX played a positive role in improving redox homeostasis, regulating lipid, amino acid, and nucleotide metabolism, and activating critical pathways such as Nrf2/ARE, PPAR, and S1P, thereby enhancing the antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and detoxification capacities of the mice. ATX supplementation also modulated mouse gut microbiota by promoting beneficial bacterial populations, suppressing harmful strains, and increasing short-chain fatty acid production, thereby effectively restoring gut-liver axis balance. These findings demonstrate that ATX possesses comprehensive activities against lead toxicity via multi-dimensional regulatory mechanisms, highlighting ATX as a promising therapeutic agent for heavy metal poisoning. Further research is warranted to validate the clinical applications of ATX and evaluate its long-term safety.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.