Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41023947›Full record

ArticleBMC oral health2025

Dental and oral symptoms and the risk of incident systemic lupus erythematosus: a prospective study of 438,555 UK biobank participants.

Yalan Hu, Yinyan Gao, Yancong Chen, Boya Xu, Xuemei Sun, Weiru Zhang, Irene Xy Wu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC oral health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Yalan HuDepartment of General Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87 Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.
Yinyan GaoDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, No. 172, Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China.
Yancong ChenChangsha Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha, Hunan, 410004, China.
Boya XuDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, No. 172, Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China.
Xuemei SunDepartment of General Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87 Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.
Weiru ZhangDepartment of General Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87 Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China. zhangwr@csu.edu.cn.
Irene Xy WuDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, No. 172, Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China. irenexywu@csu.edu.cn.

Funding

the Changsha City Natural Science Foundation of China No. kq2502119the National Natural Science Foundation of China No. 82473718the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province No. 2023JJ30734
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesTo investigate whether common dental and oral symptoms are associated with an increased risk of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

methodsParticipants initially free of SLE from the UK Biobank were included. Five prevalent dental and oral symptoms, namely, mouth ulcers, painful gums, bleeding gums, toothache, and loose or lost teeth or dentures, were ascertained from touchscreen questionnaires at baseline. The symptoms found to be associated with an increased risk of SLE were summed to evaluate the association of cumulative symptoms with SLE onset. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Subgroup analyses were conducted to identify potential effect modifiers.

resultsA total of 438,555 participants (mean age 56.2 years, 53.8% female) were included. During a median follow-up Duration of 11.76 years, 350 SLE cases were reported. The HRs (95% CIs) of incident SLE for five individual dental and oral symptoms, mouth ulcers, painful gums, bleeding gums, loose or lost teeth or dentures, toothache were 1.44 (1.04-1.98), 1.62 (1.01-2.58), 1.08 (0.78-1.48), 1.40 (1.08-1.81), and 0.99 (0.5-1.67), respectively. The HRs of the risk of SLE for participants with one, two, or three significant symptoms (including mouth ulcers, painful gums, and loose or lost teeth) were 1.30 (1.03-1.64), 1.78 (1.13-2.80), and 3.29 (1.35-8.02), respectively. A greater risk was observed in the female subgroup.

conclusionsMouth ulcers, painful gums and loose or lost teeth were associated with an increased risk of SLE. Moreover, an increased number of oral health symptoms was associated with a greater risk of SLE onset.

Indexed as

Lupus Erythematosus, SystemicMouth DiseasesAdultAgedFemaleHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedOral UlcerProspective StudiesRisk FactorsUK BiobankUnited KingdomCohort studyDental and oral symptomsSystemic lupus erythematosusUK biobank

Identifiers

PMID41023947
PMCPMC12481872

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.