Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41034598›Full record

ArticleBiological trace element research2026

Minimal Risk Doses of Cadmium Exposure Induce Histological and Functional Alterations in the Brown Adipose Tissue of Wistar Rats.

Victor Enrique Sarmiento-Ortega, David Castillo-Pérez, Diana Moroni-González, Alfonso Diaz, Rubén Vázquez-Roque, Eduardo Brambila, Samuel Treviño

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Biological trace element research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Victor Enrique Sarmiento-OrtegaLaboratory of Metabolomic and Chronic Degenerative Diseases, Physiology Institute, Meritorious Autonomous University of Puebla., Prol. de la 14 Sur 6301, Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla, C.P. 72560, Mexico.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7940-6059
David Castillo-PérezLaboratory of Metabolomic and Chronic Degenerative Diseases, Physiology Institute, Meritorious Autonomous University of Puebla., Prol. de la 14 Sur 6301, Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla, C.P. 72560, Mexico.
Diana Moroni-GonzálezLaboratory of Metabolomic and Chronic Degenerative Diseases, Physiology Institute, Meritorious Autonomous University of Puebla., Prol. de la 14 Sur 6301, Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla, C.P. 72560, Mexico.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4500-0648
Alfonso DiazLaboratory of Neurochemistry and Behavior, Physiology Institute, Meritorious Autonomous University of Puebla., Prol. de la 14 Sur 6301, Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla, C.P. 72560, Mexico.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4092-6636
Rubén Vázquez-RoqueLaboratory of Neuroplasticity and Metabolism, Physiology Institute, Meritorious Autonomous University of Puebla., Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla, C.P. 72560, Mexico.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2712-5714
Eduardo BrambilaLaboratory of Chemical-Clinical Investigations, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Chemistry Department, Meritorious Autonomous University of Puebla, 14 Sur. FCQ1, Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla, C.P. 72560, Mexico.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0377-0943
Samuel TreviñoLaboratory of Metabolomic and Chronic Degenerative Diseases, Physiology Institute, Meritorious Autonomous University of Puebla., Prol. de la 14 Sur 6301, Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla, C.P. 72560, Mexico. samuel.trevino@correo.buap.mx.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5679-1671

Funding

Vicerrectoría de Investigación y Estudios de Posgrado, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla TRMS-NAT25
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cadmium exposure, even at doses currently regarded as minimal risk, has been associated with significant metabolic alterations. While its effects on organs such as the liver, kidney, and pancreas have been widely studied, its impact on brown adipose tissue (BAT) remains poorly understood. In this study, we evaluated the effects of oral Cd exposure (15 and 32 ppm) over subacute, subchronic, and chronic periods on BAT functionality and structure in Wistar rats (n = 90). A metabolic, toxicological, and hormonal profile, as well as histology, expression of leptin, PPARγ, PPARα, and UCP-1, and mitochondrial complexes activity, were assessed and analyzed using one-way ANOVA and the Kruskal-Wallis test for quantitative and semiquantitative data. The results revealed progressive metabolic dysfunction, liver and renal impairment, increased free T3, and BAT dysfunction characterized by hypertrophy, downregulation of UCP-1 and PPARα, and disorganization of mitochondrial complexes and supercomplexes. These findings suggest a defect in BAT function and loss of its thermogenic capacity. In conclusion, results demonstrate that chronic Cd exposure induces mitochondrial toxic effects by impairing the function of brown adipose tissue and promoting the development of metabolic diseases, even under exposure levels considered to be of minimal risk.

Indexed as

Adipose Tissue, BrownCadmiumAnimalsDose-Response Relationship, DrugMaleMitochondriaRatsRats, WistarUncoupling Protein 1CadmiumUncoupling Protein 1Brown adipose tissueCadmium toxicityMitochondrial complexesThermogenesis

Identifiers

PMID41034598
PMCPMC13128740

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.