Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41048840›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in human neuroscience2025

Brain structure correlates of foreign language learning experiences.

Xiaoqiao Wang, Jae-Yoon Kim, Jun-Ho Kim, Yoonseok Choi, Eun-Gyu Ha, Dong-Hyun Kim, Sunhae Sul, Sujin Yang, Hyun-Joo Song

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in human neuroscience, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Xiaoqiao WangDepartment of Psychology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Jae-Yoon KimDepartment of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Jun-Ho KimDepartment of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Yoonseok ChoiDepartment of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Eun-Gyu HaDepartment of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Dong-Hyun KimDepartment of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Sunhae SulDepartment of Psychology, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea.
Sujin YangDepartment of Psychology, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Hyun-Joo SongDepartment of Psychology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Previous research demonstrates that bilingual experiences produce dynamic and variable structural adaptations in the brain. However, most studies focus on individuals who naturally acquire multiple languages, leaving the neural effects of long-term foreign language learners with limited exposure less understood. In this study, we examined 32 young adult long-term foreign language learners in South Korea to determine how age of acquisition, proficiency, and daily use shape gray matter volume and white matter integrity in predominantly monolingual environments. We found structural changes in brain regions involved in language control and executive function. Voxel-based morphometry analysis revealed that earlier foreign language acquisition was significantly associated with greater gray matter volume in the left inferior parietal lobule (uncorrected

Indexed as

foreign language learninggray matter volumeneuroimagingstructural MRIwhite matter integrity

Identifiers

PMID41048840
PMCPMC12488631

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.