Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41052298›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism2026

The Importance of Disease-specific Growth Charts for Children with Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia.

Kyriakie Sarafoglou, Yesica Mercado Munoz, Charles Sukin, Aida Lteif, Jennifer Kyllo, Bradley S Miller, O Yaw Addo, Deborah P Merke

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Kyriakie SarafoglouDivision of Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5741-3629
Yesica Mercado MunozDivision of Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA.
Charles SukinDepartment of Pediatrics, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.ORCID 0009-0009-5105-4475
Aida LteifDivision of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
Jennifer KylloDivision of Endocrinology, Children's Hospitals and Clinics of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55102, USA.
Bradley S MillerDivision of Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3663-5473
O Yaw AddoRollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1269-759X
Deborah P MerkeDepartment of Pediatrics, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3746-0460

Funding

Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of HealthNoah's Ark and Weiss Family CAH Research Fund
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundChildren with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency typically have height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) growth patterns that differ from the general population due to increased androgen and/or glucocorticoid exposures. With the recent surge in the development of new therapies, CAH-specific growth charts are needed to evaluate the effectiveness of these new treatments.

methodsRetrospective data from patients aged 0 to 20 years with classic CAH, confirmed by hormonal testing and/or CYP21A2 genotyping, from 2 large clinical databases were analyzed. Specialized charts were developed using the lamda-mu-sigma semiparametric modeling method to generate CAH-specific percentile curves from 0 to 20 years. Nodal-point analyses were conducted to assess differences in incremental growth at 4, 8, 12, 16, and 20 years of age relative to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) 2000 normative charts using 1-sided quantile tests and age of adiposity rebound estimated with curve derivative solutions.

resultsA total sample of 8692 visits from 515 patients was used. Growth (height-, weight-, BMI-for-age) channels of CAH patients were significantly different over the entire growing period and characterized by diminished pubertal spurt relative to the CDC reference. Onset of adiposity rebound based on BMI-for-age occurred earlier for CAH patients (females 3.3 years, males 3.9 years) compared to their normative counterparts (5-8 years).

conclusionOur study showed that at incremental time points throughout childhood, children with CAH collectively follow specific differences in growth trajectories as compared to unaffected children. These variations highlight the need for CAH-specific charts to assist in clinical management, appraisal of growth trajectories, and assessment of the impact of new therapies.

Indexed as

Adrenal Hyperplasia, CongenitalGrowth ChartsAdolescentBody HeightBody Mass IndexBody WeightChildChild, PreschoolFemaleHumansInfantInfant, NewbornMaleRetrospective StudiesYoung Adult21-hydroxylase deficiencycongenital adrenal hyperplasiagrowthgrowth chart

Identifiers

PMID41052298
PMCPMC13017453

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.