Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41057598›Full record

ReviewNature reviews. Nephrology2026

Urine as a source of biomarkers and biological knowledge in chronic kidney disease.

Antonia Vlahou, Raymond Vanholder

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Nature reviews. Nephrology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Antonia VlahouCenter of Systems Biology, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece. vlahoua@bioacademy.gr.ORCID 0000-0003-3284-5713
Raymond VanholderNephrology Section, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0003-2633-1636

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Albuminuria and estimates of glomerular filtration rate remain the main diagnostic and monitoring metrics used in people with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Although these are both useful markers of kidney disease, they represent the consequence rather than the cause of CKD, can neither detect disease at its earliest stages nor determine its aetiology, and are often suboptimal in guiding therapeutic intervention. By contrast, nucleotide, protein, peptide and metabolite findings from urine can provide a wealth of information about kidney-tissue biology and pathological processes, thereby representing a source of potential biomarkers for early disease detection, prognostication and therapeutic guidance. Urinary biomarker research is currently dominated by studies of protein biomarkers that reflect tissue injury and repair, inflammation and fibrosis, and can be combined for use in multi-marker panels. Data on biomarkers for guiding therapy are scarce, underscoring the urgent need for more targeted studies, given the availability of several new therapies that are effective in attenuating CKD progression and improving patient outcomes. Consequently, although several (mainly protein) biomarkers with evidenced potential to improve disease management are currently available, their clinical implementation is limited by the paucity of clinical and health-economic impact data, especially data on the combined use of urinary biomarkers and the latest therapies available for people with CKD.

Indexed as

BiomarkersRenal Insufficiency, ChronicGlomerular Filtration RateHumansBiomarkers

Identifiers

PMID41057598

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.