Observational studyNursing in critical care2025
External Ventricular Drain Column Height Fails to Explain Cerebrospinal Fluid Drainage Volumes.
Observational study in Nursing in critical care, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- External Ventricular Drain Column Height Fails to Explain Cerebrospinal Fluid Drainage Volumes.Nursing in critical care · 2025Observational
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAn external ventricular drain (EVD) facilitates cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) diversion and intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring. CSF drainage can be regulated by controlling the fluid drain height. There is limited evidence guiding nursing practice for adjusting drain height when caring for patients with an EVD.
aimThis purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between EVD drain height setting and CSF drainage volumes. STUDY
designThis was a retrospective observational study. The initial 14 days from EVD placement for patients admitted to a university hospital between 2022 and 2024 who received an EVD and had CSF diversion were considered. Associations between time-stamped data for five drain height categories (< 0 cmH
resultsThe 115 patients provided 27 552 time-stamped observations over a median of 6.3 (IQR = 2.7-11.8) EVD days. The mean age was 51 (15.5) years; 53.0% were female, 64.9% were White and 74.8% were Non-Hispanic. Across the first 14 EVD days, the mean daily CSF volume was 179.2 (121 mL) with a range from 0 to 539 mL. Mean daily CSF output by height were: < 0 cmH
conclusionThis study found a limited role of low-altitude settings in facilitating CSF drainage in EVD management. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: Future efforts should be made to establish if there is a relationship between ICP management based on CSF drainage volume or drain height setting and to examine the impact of CSF drainage on patient outcomes. This information may also guide clinicians in making decisions about CSF drainage.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.