Observational studyJournal of medical virology2025
Assessing Influenza and SARS-CoV-2 Coinfection in Brazil: A Comprehensive Study of Patient Outcomes From 2020 to 2023.
Observational study in Journal of medical virology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Reduction of virus isolation effectiveness from throat swab double positive to H1N1pdm09 and H3N2 influenza A virus strain with SARS-CoV-2 virus in cell cultures.Molecular biology reports · 2026Article
- Post-pandemic resurgence and collapse ofFrontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Respiratory viral co-detection in paediatric SARS-CoV-2 infection: associations with viral co-circulation and clinical phenotypes.Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz · 2026Article
- Assessing Influenza and SARS-CoV-2 Coinfection in Brazil: A Comprehensive Study of Patient Outcomes From 2020 to 2023.Journal of medical virology · 2025Observational
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Influenza and SARS-CoV-2 are major respiratory pathogens that have impacted global health, sharing similar transmission routes and clinical symptoms. The COVID-19 pandemic brought attention to coinfection with these viruses, which has been associated with worse clinical outcomes, but the full extent of this impact remains underexplored. As both viruses circulate together during seasonal outbreaks, understanding their coinfection dynamics is crucial for public health response. This retrospective observational study analyzed data from over 30 000 hospitalized patients sourced from the Brazilian Epidemiological Surveillance System (SIVEP-Gripe). Patients were classified into two groups: influenza mono-infection and influenza-SARS-CoV-2 coinfection. Descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression were performed to evaluate associations with primary (mortality) and secondary (ICU admission) outcomes. Among approximately 3.7 million reported severe acute respiratory syndrome cases, 35 831 were influenza-infected, with 1763 (4.9%) coinfected with SARS-CoV-2. Coinfected patients exhibited nearly double the risk of death (aOR: 1.87, 95% CI: 1.52-2.30) and a significantly higher likelihood of ICU admission (aOR: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.07-1.52), compared to those with influenza alone. Coinfected patients also presented with more severe respiratory symptoms and longer hospital stays. Coinfection with influenza and SARS-CoV-2 is associated with significantly worse clinical outcomes, including higher mortality and increased need for intensive care. Early identification and tailored management strategies for coinfected patients are essential to improving patient outcomes, particularly for those with underlying comorbidities.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.