Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41076548›Full record

ArticleBrain and behavior2025

Non-Cyclical Mastalgia as a Central Sensitization Component: Implications for Multidisciplinary Treatment Approaches.

Pelin Basım, Sena Tolu, Caglar Kazim Pekuz, Perya Abbasoglu, Serdar Basım

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Brain and behavior, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Pelin BasımDepartment of General Surgery, Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9452-9276
Sena ToluDepartment of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey.
Caglar Kazim PekuzEsenyurt Necmi Kadıoglu State Hospital, Department of General Surgery, Istanbul, Turkey.
Perya AbbasogluDepartment of General Surgery, Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey.
Serdar BasımDepartment of General Surgery, Basaksehir State Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesNon-Cyclical mastalgia (NCM) is a chronic breast pain condition in women of reproductive age, often linked to anxiety and reduced quality of life (QoL). Evidence suggests central sensitization (CS) may contribute to NCM, but its clinical significance and management remain unclear.

methodsThis cross-sectional study included 201 women aged 25 to 65, with 106 NCM patients and 95 healthy controls, to investigate the association between NCM and central sensitization syndromes (CSS). Data collection involved demographic characteristics and assessments using the Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI), Nottingham Health Profile (NHP), Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF-MPQ), Pain Detect, Leeds Assessment of Neuropathic Symptoms and Signs (LANSS), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). The main outcome is to reveal the interrelationship between NCM and CSS.

resultsNCM patients had significantly higher Central Sensitization Inventory-A (CSI-A) scores than controls (p < 0.001), with 15.1% surpassing the critical threshold of 40, indicating pronounced CS. NCM patients also had increased NHP-1, NHP-2, and HADS-total scores (p = 0.008, p = 0.003, p = 0.004), reflecting greater distress. Subgroup analyses showed more intense pain (p < 0.001) and sleep disturbances (p = 0.002). CSI-A scores strongly correlated with SF-MPQ, LANSS, Pain Detect, and HADS (all p < 0.001). Regression analysis identified pain duration, Pain Detect, and SF-MPQ sensory scores as key predictors of CSI-A (p < 0.001). DISCUSSION: NCM shares characteristics with chronic pain syndromes linked to CSS. Multidisciplinary approaches and innovative treatments, such as cognitive therapies combined with integrative approaches may improve outcomes.

Indexed as

Central Nervous System SensitizationMastodyniaAdultAgedAnxietyChronic PainCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMiddle AgedPain MeasurementQuality of Lifebreast paincentral sensitizationchronic paininnovative treatmentsnon‐cyclical mastalgiapsychosocial factorsquality of life

Identifiers

PMID41076548
PMCPMC12515103

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.