Evidence mapPaperPMID 41089596Full record

ArticleJournal of diabetes research2025

Effectiveness of the Health Extension for Diabetes Program, a DSMS Program Delivered In-Person and Online: A Quasiexperimental Comparative Study.

Michelle A Parisi, Danielle McFall, Windsor Westbrook Sherrill, Michelle Stancil, Christina J Dietz, Samantha Kanny, Maria M Rossi

Abstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of diabetes research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Michelle A ParisiNutritional Sciences Department, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2873-2137
Danielle McFallCooperative Extension Services, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4499-9608
Windsor Westbrook SherrillDepartment of Public Health Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2399-4744
Michelle StancilPrisma Health-Upstate, Diabetes Care and Education, Greenville, South Carolina, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8588-2721
Christina J DietzDepartment on Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5547-3054
Samantha KannySchool of Health Research (CUSHR), Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7147-8616
Maria M RossiNutritional Sciences Department, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4670-2900

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Diabetes is a complex, prevalent condition. Effective diabetes self-management requires knowledge, skills, and strategies to prevent or delay the onset of diabetes-related complications. This study evaluated the effectiveness of delivery methods, online versus in-person, for the 4-month-long Health Extension for Diabetes (HED) program, a self-management support program. Methodology: A quasiexperimental comparative study design assessed whether online HED delivery was as effective as in-person delivery and whether group differences affected health outcomes. Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) was conducted to assess changes in participants' weight, BMI, HbA1c, diabetes self-efficacy, knowledge, and self-management behaviors. This study included a total of 1018 participants ( Results: Online HED participants were mostly White non-Hispanic, significantly younger, more educated, and had higher income than in-person participants. Regardless of the delivery modality, positive changes pre- to postprogram were seen across all biometric and diabetes outcome measures. Significant differences between delivery modalities were observed for diabetes knowledge, with individuals in online groups demonstrating significantly higher knowledge scores at both assessment points. For weight and BMI, both modalities showed significant improvements. Conclusion: Online and in-person HED modalities effectively improved diabetes self-management, reaching two different demographic groups. Demographic differences between groups underscore the importance of offering multiple participation modalities to ensure accessibility and engagement across diverse populations. The HED program model, using a community-clinical linkage through Cooperative Extension, is an effective model for improving health outcomes of participants enrolled in both online and in-person DSMS programs. Future research should focus on how different participant characteristics influence engagement and long-term diabetes outcomes across delivery modalities.

Indexed as

Diabetes MellitusDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Self CareSelf-ManagementAdultAgedBody Mass IndexFemaleGlycated HemoglobinHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeHumansInternetMaleMiddle AgedPatient Education as TopicProgram EvaluationGlycated HemoglobinCooperative Extensiondiabetes self-managementhealth educationHealth Extension for Diabetesonline learning

Identifiers

PMID41089596
PMCPMC12517985

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.