Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41094683›Full record

ArticleInternational endodontic journal2026

Restoration's Longevity in Endodontically Treated Teeth: A Machine Learning Survival Analysis From Randomised Clinical Trials.

Luiz Alexandre Chisini, Maximiliano Sergio Cenci, Jovito Adiel Skupien, Fabiana Teixeira Marchiori, Laylla Galdino-Santos, Wietske Fokkinga, Bas Loomans, Tatiana Pereira-Cenci

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International endodontic journal, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Luiz Alexandre ChisiniGraduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3695-0361
Maximiliano Sergio CenciDepartment of Dentistry, Research Institute for Medical Innovation, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2543-6201
Jovito Adiel SkupienPost-Graduate Program in Health and Life Sciences, Franciscan University, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil.
Fabiana Teixeira MarchioriPost-Graduate Program in Health and Life Sciences, Franciscan University, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil.
Laylla Galdino-SantosGraduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4396-0979
Wietske FokkingaDepartment of Dentistry, Research Institute for Medical Innovation, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
Bas LoomansDepartment of Dentistry, Research Institute for Medical Innovation, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6684-9723
Tatiana Pereira-CenciDepartment of Dentistry, Research Institute for Medical Innovation, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5166-8233

Funding

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico 442,523/2023-8Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul 23/2551-0000934-0
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimThis prognostic study aims to develop a machine learning (ML) survival model for estimating the longevity (success and survival rate) of restorations in endodontically treated teeth (ETT). METHODOLOGY: Data were consolidated from four controlled clinical trials conducted in the Netherlands and Brazil, involving 424 patients and 618 restorations with up to 17 years of follow-up. The evaluated predictive models included Gradient Boosting Survival, Random Survival Forests and Survival Support Vector Machine. The dataset was split into 70% for training and 30% for testing. Hyperparameter tuning was optimised via 10-fold cross-validation with 50 iterations using hyperopt. Performance was assessed through the time-dependent area under the ROC curve (AUC), concordance index (C-index), inverse probability of censoring weights (IPCW C-index) and time-dependent Brier score.

resultsThe Gradient Boosting Survival model achieved the highest AUC mean (0.83, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.81-0.78), C-index (0.80), IPCW C-index (0.78) and Brier score (0.06) for survival rate predictions, maintaining predictive stability over time. For success rate, the Random Survival Forest model outperformed others (AUC = 0.73, 95% CI [0.70-0.75]), C-index (0.66), IPCW C-index (0.64) and Brier score (0.14). SHAP analysis identified patient age and tooth type as having the highest variable importance for survival, while the dentist's experience was critical for success outcomes. Fairness analysis revealed performance disparities across sexes and countries in the models.

conclusionsThe models demonstrated high predictive performance, mainly in survival rate prediction. ML models show promise for developing a robust, data-driven framework to evaluate success and survival outcomes in ETT.

Indexed as

Dental Restoration FailureDental Restoration, PermanentMachine LearningTooth, NonvitalAdultFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedNetherlandsRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicSurvival Analysisartificial intelligencedental restorationmachine learningpredictionrandomised clinical trial

Identifiers

PMID41094683
PMCPMC12794790

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.