Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41096551›Full record

SynthesisInternational journal of molecular sciences2025

Molecular Biomarkers for Early Detection of Alzheimer's Disease and the Complementary Role of Engineered Nanomaterials: A Systematic Review.

Muhammad Zia Ul Haq, Xinyi Zhao, Samuel Obeng Apori, Baljit Singh, Furong Tian

Abstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in International journal of molecular sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Muhammad Zia Ul HaqNanolab Research Centre, Physical to Life Sciences Research Hub, Technological University Dublin, Camden Row, D08 CKP1 Dublin, Ireland.
Xinyi ZhaoNanolab Research Centre, Physical to Life Sciences Research Hub, Technological University Dublin, Camden Row, D08 CKP1 Dublin, Ireland.ORCID 0000-0001-7038-1433
Samuel Obeng AporiNanolab Research Centre, Physical to Life Sciences Research Hub, Technological University Dublin, Camden Row, D08 CKP1 Dublin, Ireland.ORCID 0000-0003-2131-6461
Baljit SinghNanolab Research Centre, Physical to Life Sciences Research Hub, Technological University Dublin, Camden Row, D08 CKP1 Dublin, Ireland.ORCID 0000-0002-0871-883X
Furong TianNanolab Research Centre, Physical to Life Sciences Research Hub, Technological University Dublin, Camden Row, D08 CKP1 Dublin, Ireland.ORCID 0000-0002-4953-1131

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) instantly requires affordable diagnostic tools for targeting the responsible molecular biomarkers. In this review, we briefly discussed the overview of the AD population, performance of different analytical techniques and nanoparticles/composites, molecular biomarkers, and the interest of countries towards the detection of AD biomarkers during 2012-2025. The desired result was attained by lateral flow assay, surface-enhanced Raman scattering, and colorimetric sensor techniques with nanoparticles of magnetic, gold, and carbon-containing silver, and iridium oxide nanoparticles, upon biomarkers of dopamine, amyloid beta41, and Apolipoprotein E, individually. Additionally, the outstanding performance of nanoparticles including gold nanoparticles, carbon-containing nanoparticles, and manganese dioxide with their particle size of 5.7 nm, 35 nm, 37.3 nm, 120 nm, and 220 nm, respectively, has been discussed. Moreover, the percentages of AD-related biomarkers including amyloid beta42 having research articles of 21.2%, amyloid beta1-42 12.1%, amyloid beta oligomer 12.1%, phosphorylated Tau detection 12.1%, amyloid beta1-40 9.09%, Dopamine 9.09%, amyloid beta40 9.17%, apolipoprotein 6.06%, etc., have also been included. Additionally, LOD comparison with respect to applied analytical techniques, investigated through a timeline and electrochemical sensor, was found most suitable. Finally, a portable molecular diagnostic device to combine amyloid beta1-42, amyloid beta1-40, and phosphorylated Tau detection in non-invasive bodily fluid was proposed for the future and clinical diagnosis.

Indexed as

Alzheimer DiseaseBiomarkersNanostructuresAmyloid beta-PeptidesEarly DiagnosisHumansMetal NanoparticlesAmyloid beta-PeptidesBiomarkersAlzheimer’s diseaseanalytical methodsbiomarkersdiagnosticslimit of detectionnanoparticlesneurologicalpopulation distribution

Identifiers

PMID41096551
PMCPMC12524328

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.