ArticleNeurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics2025
Effectiveness of Anti-CD20 B cells depleting therapy versus conventional treatment in severe Anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor encephalitis: A real-world multi-center prospective cohort study.
Article in Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- [Characterization of Immune Reconstitution Patterns in B-cell Subsets Mediated by B-cell Targeted Therapies].Sichuan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Sichuan University. Medical science edition · 2026Article
- Safety and efficacy of combined B-cell depleting therapy and daratumumab in patients with autoimmune encephalitis (RADIA): study protocol for a multicenter, randomized trial.Frontiers in neurologyArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Approximately 25 %-40 % of anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor encephalitis (NMDARE) patients develop refractory disease with prolonged neurological deficits. We aim to evaluate the efficacy of B cell depletion therapy (BCDT) via CD20 antibodies versus conventional first-line immunotherapy only (intravenous methylprednisolone for 5 days, 0.4 g/kg intravenous immunoglobulin for 5 days, and ≥4 consecutive plasma exchange treatments, non-BCDT group) in treatment of severe NMDARE in the real-world setting. From multicenter cohort of severe NMDARE, 108 patients (ofatumumab group 36; rituxixmab group 36; non-BCDT group 36) were prospectively reviewed. The primary end point was the proportion of patients to achieving good outcomes (modified Rankin Scale scores ≤2) at 3 months. Secondary end points included longitudinal outcomes assessed by mRS scores and Clinical Assessment Scale in Autoimmune Encephalitis (CASE) scores, cognitive function and adverse events (AEs). BCDT demonstrated a higher frequency of mRS scores ≤2 compared to non-BCDT at 3 months (ofatumumab 63.9 % vs. non-BCDT 36.1 %, p < 0.001; rituximab 55.6 % vs. non-BCDT 36.1 %, p = 0.007, respectively). Ofatumuamb showed superior therapeutic response at 1 month compared to both rituximab-treated patients (mean CASE score: 5.89 vs 7.91, p = 0.025) and non-BCDT treated patients (mean CASE score: 5.89 vs 9.97, p < 0.0001). All groups improved over 12 months, with significantly higher complete remission rates in BCDT groups (70.8 %-75 % vs. 55.6 %, p < 0.05). Five of 33 patients (15.2 %) experienced persistent mild cognitive impairment. AEs were mild-to moderate in severity. We calculated the probability of relapse-free as ofatumumab and rituximab reduced risk of disease relapses compared to non-BCDT (ofatumumab vs. non-BCDT: HR, 0.193; 95 % CI, 0.062-0.6; p = 0.007; rituximab vs. non-BCDT: HR, 0.265; 95 % CI, 0.089-0.787; p = 0.029). Therefore, we suggest that BCDT effectively promoted neurological recovery, and reduced relapse risk with favorable safety, while ofatumumab demonstrated superior efficacy in controlling early disease severity.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.