Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41102137›Full record

ArticleObesity (Silver Spring, Md.)2025

Comparative Weight Change With Initiation and Adherence to Common Medications for Type 2 Diabetes.

Nadia M Sneed, Sheryl L Rifas-Shiman, Joshua Petimar, Jessica G Young, L Charles Bailey, Matthew F Daley, David M Janicke, W Schuyler Jones, Carly Prentice, Jason P Block and 1 more

Abstract readComparative Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Nadia M SneedSchool of Nursing, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9973-6672
Sheryl L Rifas-ShimanDepartment of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Joshua PetimarDepartment of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3025-5931
Jessica G YoungDepartment of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
L Charles BaileyDepartment of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Matthew F DaleyInstitute for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
David M JanickeDepartment of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8493-610X
W Schuyler JonesDepartment of Medicine, Duke University Health System, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Carly PrenticeFaith Family Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
Jason P BlockDepartment of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
William J HeermanDepartment of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.

Funding

Institutional Career Development CoreKL2TR002245 · NCATS · VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER · PI Julie A. Bastarache · 2017 to 2026
$9.3M
Medications and Weight Gain in PCORnet: The MedWeight StudyR01DK120598 · NIDDK · HARVARD PILGRIM HEALTH CARE, INC. · PI BLOCK, JASON PERRY · 2020 to 2023
$2.9M
AHRQ HHS T32 HS026122AHRQ HHS T32HS026122NCATS NIH HHS 5KL2TR002245NCATS NIH HHS KL2 TR002245NIDDK NIH HHS 5R01DK120598NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK120598
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThis study aimed to estimate population-level effects on weight change of initiating/adhering to additional glucose-lowering medications in adults with type 2 diabetes prescribed metformin.

methodsWe conducted a target trial using electronic health record data from 22,601 patients (age 20 to < 80 years) prescribed metformin to determine initiation/adherence to dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP4) inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs), sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors, long-acting insulin, or sulfonylureas. Inverse probability weighting of marginal structural models with standardization by baseline covariates was used to estimate population-level effects of initiating/adhering to different medications on average 24-month weight change.

resultsAt 24 months, a mean -5.15 kg (95% CI -10.6, -1.36) and -6.71 kg (95% CI -8.38, -4.34) weight loss would be observed for initiation/adherence to GLP-1RAs and SGLT-2s respectively. At 6 months, weight loss for DPP4s would be observed (-0.89 kg, 95% CI -1.41, -0.32) though not at 12 or 24 months. Glimepiride would be associated with weight gain at 6 and 12 months (0.88 kg, 95% CI 0.44, 1.22; 1.01 kg, 95% CI 0.32, 1.51) but not at 24 months.

conclusionsInitiation/adherence to GLP-1RAs and SGLT-2s over 24 months could result in average weight losses of 5.15 kg and 6.71 kg, respectively.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Hypoglycemic AgentsWeight LossAdultAgedAged, 80 and overDipeptidyl-Peptidase IV InhibitorsFemaleGlucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor AgonistsHumansInsulin, Long-ActingMaleMedication AdherenceMetforminMiddle AgedSodium-Glucose Transporter 2 InhibitorsDipeptidyl-Peptidase IV InhibitorsGlucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor AgonistsHypoglycemic AgentsInsulin, Long-ActingMetforminSodium-Glucose Transporter 2 InhibitorsSulfonylurea Compoundsglucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonistsobesitysodium‐glucose cotransporter 2target trialtype 2 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID41102137
PMCPMC12559777

What Socratic holds

Texttitle and abstract
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.