Evidence mapPaperPMID 41102473Full record

ArticlePediatric research2026

Children born small-for-gestational-age exhibit normal body fat but elevated hs-CRP and hepatocellular lipid content.

Leena Hintikka, Jarmo Jääskeläinen, Riina Palonen, Henrikki Nordman, Raimo Voutilainen, Hanna Huopio, Tomi Laitinen, Juhana Hakumäki

Abstract read
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Article in Pediatric research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Leena HintikkaDepartment of Pediatrics, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.
Jarmo JääskeläinenDepartment of Pediatrics, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.
Riina PalonenInstitute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
Henrikki NordmanDepartment of Pediatrics, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.
Raimo VoutilainenDepartment of Pediatrics, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.
Hanna HuopioDepartment of Pediatrics, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.
Tomi LaitinenInstitute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
Juhana HakumäkiInstitute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland. juhana.hakumaki@uef.fi.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7341-5440

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND/

objectivesBeing born small-for-gestational-age (SGA), is associated with an increased risk of cardiometabolic disease in adulthood. We studied the influence of birth size on hepatocellular lipid (HCL) concentrations in prepubertal children.

methodsA total of 195 prepubertal Caucasian children (4.4-9.7 years) were studied in three cohorts. Twenty-one children were born small-for-gestational-age (SGA), 132 were appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA), and 42 were large-for-gestational-age (LGA). The outcomes were body fat by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), liver fat MRI and MR spectroscopy (MRS), anthropometric measurements at examination, and biochemical markers of metabolism and inflammation.

resultsMRS revealed higher HCL in SGA children, as determined from the methylene (-CH

conclusionsOur study shows a link between SGA status, elevated hs-CRP, and elevated MRS-detectable HCL. MRS may thus be important in identifying prepubertal children at risk for metabolic sequelae. IMPACT: Prepubertal children born small-for-gestational-age (SGA), although still shorter and leaner than their peers, exhibit elevated liver triglyceride concentrations on proton MR spectroscopy associated with elevated hs-CRP levels. Elevated hs-CRP and liver triglyceride concentrations can be early indicators of pathological metabolic changes associated with later cardiometabolic abnormalities.

Indexed as

Adipose TissueC-Reactive ProteinInfant, Small for Gestational AgeLipidsLiverAbsorptiometry, PhotonBiomarkersBirth WeightChildChild, PreschoolDevelopmental Origins of Health and DiseaseFemaleHumansInfant, Large for Gestational AgeInfant, NewbornMagnetic Resonance ImagingBiomarkersC-Reactive ProteinLipids

Identifiers

PMID41102473
PMCPMC13221283

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.