ArticleHypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)2026
Role of Ethnicity and Sex in Hypertension-Mediated Organ Damage in a Dual-Ethnic Cohort of Individuals With Hypertension.
Article in Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Unveiling the role of aldosterone in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2026Review
- Contrastive Machine Learning to Quantify Hypertensive Multiorgan Damage and Identify New Disease Phenotypes: A Multinational Multimodal Study.Circulation · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundEthnic and sex disparities in hypertension-mediated organ damage (HMOD) have been described. However, the intersection between ethnicity and sex in this context has not been extensively investigated. Moreover, whether activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and aldosterone in particular could play a role is still unknown. Here, we aimed to investigate the intersection of sex and ethnicity with vascular and renal-HMOD, and its association with aldosterone.
methodsIndividuals with primary hypertension and self-defined ethnicity Black/White were included, and assessed for anthropometry, biochemistry, and vascular (carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity [cf-PWV]) and renal-HMOD (microalbuminuria/decreased filtration rate). Multivariate logistic, linear regression, and inverse probability weighting analyses were performed to study associations with cf-PWV/kidney damage, using the less affected group as reference. Associations of aldosterone were examined using adjusted-Pearson correlations.
resultsOverall, 654 individuals (age, 44 years) divided into 4 intersectional categories (Black women, Black men, White women, and White men) were included. Multivariate and inverse probability weighting analyses showed higher cf-PWV in Black women (β=1.25 m/s [95% CI, 0.77-1.73]) compared with White men and higher odds of kidney damage in Black individuals (Black men odds ratio, 4.16 [95% CI, 1.48-11.96] and Black women odds ratio, 3.83 [95% CI, 1.40-1.48]), compared with White women. Aldosterone was associated with kidney damage regardless of ethnicity and sex (odds ratio, 1.02 [95% CI, 1.01-1.03]), and showed a modest correlation with cf-PWV only in Black individuals (ρ=0.20,
conclusionsThere are sex and ethnic differences in vascular and renal-HMOD, with Black women having increased cf-PWV and Black individuals having higher odds of kidney damage. Whether aldosterone could play an independent role in ethnicity-related HMOD differences would require further investigation.
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