ReviewMedical hypothesis, discovery & innovation ophthalmology journal2025
Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapies in ophthalmology.
Review in Medical hypothesis, discovery & innovation ophthalmology journal, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy for posterior segment diseases: Progress, challenges, and the road ahead.Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2026Review
- Development of Miniprotein Binders to Inhibit VEGF-Induced Corneal Neovascularization.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
- Real-World Outcomes and Choroidal Vascular Structural Changes After Switching to Faricimab in Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Retinopathy of prematurity: Clinical profiles and risk factors.Bioinformation · 2026Article
- Efficacy and Safety of Intravitreal Triamcinolone Acetonide Alone or Combined with Intravitreal Bevacizumab in the Treatment of Macular Edema Secondary to Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion.Beyoglu eye journal · 2026Article
- Systemic and ocular complications related to intravitreal administration of anti-VEGF agents.Medical hypothesis, discovery & innovation ophthalmology journal · 2026Review
- Local Insulin for Local Needs? Insights into Retinal Insulin Signaling and RPE Metabolism.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Place of New Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Agents in Recalcitrant Radiation Maculopathy: Case Reports.Case reports in ophthalmologyArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Retinal diseases, including neovascular age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, and retinal vein occlusion, are leading causes of vision loss worldwide. The introduction of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapies has dramatically changed the management of these conditions, offering targeted treatment that can preserve and even improve vision. We aimed to provide a comprehensive review of the development, clinical applications, and emerging indications of anti-VEGF therapies in ophthalmology, including biosimilar agents. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE for English-language articles published up to 31 July 2025. Additional sources were identified through manual screening of reference lists. Included studies spanned various designs: clinical trials, meta-analyses, observational studies, and preclinical research. Keywords used in the search strategy included terms such as "anti-VEGF therapy", "biosimilar pharmaceuticals", "intravitreal and intrastromal anti-VEGF injections", "retinal diseases" including "macular degeneration" and "retinal neovascularization", "ranibizumab", and "bevacizumab", as well as relevant MeSH terms where applicable. Results: Anti-VEGF agents have transformed the management of retinal diseases such as neovascular age-related macular degeneration, diabetic macular edema, proliferative diabetic retinopathy, retinal vein occlusion, and retinopathy of prematurity. Newer agents such as brolucizumab and faricimab offer prolonged durability and enhanced anatomic outcomes, while biosimilars provide cost-effective alternatives. Anti-VEGF therapy has also shown promise in off-label or emerging indications such as neovascular glaucoma, corneal neovascularization, and other retinal or choroidal disorders including secondary macular edema and/or macular neovascularization associated with various forms of uveitis, diffuse choroidal hemangioma in Sturge-Weber Syndrome, hereditary retinal disorders such as fundus flavimaculatus, Coats-Like retinitis pigmentosa, Peripherin-2-associated retinopathy, immune checkpoint inhibitor use, radiation retinopathy, retinitis pigmentosa, Bietti crystalline dystrophy, autosomal recessive bestrophinopathy, melanocytoma-associated macular neovascular membrane, Best disease, Wyburn-Mason syndrome, choroidal osteoma, peripheral exudative hemorrhagic chorioretinopathy, traumatic choroidal rupture, torpedo maculopathy, optic disc melanocytoma, type 2 proliferative macular telangiectasia, and Coats disease. High-dose formulations and innovative delivery systems are under active investigation to reduce the treatment burden and extend dosing intervals. Conclusions: Anti-VEGF therapies have revolutionized the field of ophthalmology, providing sight-saving treatment for a range of retinal diseases that were once considered untreatable or inevitably blinding. Today, anti-VEGF drugs are the go-to option for managing neovascular retinal disorders, thanks to their proven efficacy, favorable safety profile, and transformative impact on modern eye care.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.