Multi-omics and machine learning identify novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets of COVID-19.

Introduction: COVID-19 has caused over 7 million deaths worldwide since its onset in 2019, and the virus remains a significant health threat. Identifying sensitive and specific biomarkers, along with elucidating immune-mediated mechanisms, is essential for improving the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of COVID-19. To predict key molecular markers of COVID-19 using an established multi-omics framework combined with machine learning models. Methods: We conducted an integrated analysis of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), bulk RNA sequencing, and proteomics data to identify critical biomarkers associated with COVID-19. The multi-omics approach enabled the characterization of gene expression dynamics and alterations in immune cell subsets in COVID-19 patients. Machine learning techniques and molecular docking analyses were employed to identify biomarkers and therapeutic targets within the disease's pathophysiological network. Results: Principal component analysis effectively grouped samples based on clinical characteristics. Using random forest and SVM-RFE models, we identified clinical indicators capable of accurately distinguishing COVID-19 patients. Transcriptomic analysis, including scRNA-seq, highlighted the pivotal role of CD8 Discussion: Preliminary findings indicate that BTD, CFL1, PIGR, and SERPINA3 are vital molecular biomarkers related of CD8+ T cell, providing new insights into the molecular mechanisms and long-term prevention of COVID-19.