ReviewIndustrial & engineering chemistry research2025
Recent Advances in Rare Earth Element Recovery: Liquid-Liquid Extraction and Magnetophoretic Separation.
Review in Industrial & engineering chemistry research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The unique physicochemical properties of rare earth elements (REEs) make them imperative for the production and improvement of advanced technology, renewable energy, and national defense applications. As these fields rapidly develop, there has been an increase in the demand for REEs. Due to the similar ionic charge and radii of adjacent REEs it is a challenge to selectively recover individual elements. Currently, the most common method for industrial REE separation is multistep traditional liquid-liquid extraction (T-LLE) systems. However, these systems generate large quantities of hazardous waste including flammable solvents, contaminated wastewater, and materials that cannot be recycled. There has been a recent increase in modifications to T-LLE systems, which has shown promising results in improving REE refinement and decreasing waste. This Review summarizes recent advances in solvent extraction systems other than T-LLE including aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS), nonaqueous systems (NAS) and systems evaluating the synergistic effects of multiple extractants or solvents in each phase. We also discuss developments in magnetophoretic separation methods that could be useful in solvent extraction in the future. Based on the findings of this Review, estimated Technology Readiness Levels (TRLs) for each of these systems are provided. These new systems are currently at TRLs of ≤5. Improving their TRLs and examining their industrial potential could lead to a reduction in operation cost and environmental impacts while improving separation efficiency and overall REE refinement, if practical in industrial settings.
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.