ArticleTobacco control2025
Population coverage and comprehensiveness of flavoured tobacco sales restrictions in the USA, 2010-2023.
Article in Tobacco control, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Beyond Tobacco Prevention: The Effects of Tobacco 21 Laws on Young Adults' Body Weight.Health economics · 2026Article
- Patterns of specialty tobacco retail locations and visitor counts in the USA.Tobacco control · 2026Article
- Standardising the measurement of cigar tax rates in the USA, 2010-2024.Tobacco control · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
introductionFlavoured tobacco products (FTPs) are associated with tobacco initiation and sustained tobacco use. Federal, state and local governments in the USA have enacted policies to restrict FTPs. This paper estimates the percentage of the US population (national and state levels) covered by state and local FTP sales restrictions of different comprehensiveness levels.
methodsTruth Initiative's FTP sales restrictions database was merged with 2020 Census data. Population coverage estimates were generated for first quarter (Q1) 2010 to Q4 2023. Estimates were subset by product inclusions and policy comprehensiveness (levels 1-6; 6 being most comprehensive).
resultsPopulation coverage by FTP sales restrictions increased rapidly in 2020. Until 2019, a greater percentage of US residents were covered by FTP sales restrictions for cigars and smokeless tobacco compared with other products. From late 2019 to 2023, population coverage was highest for policies including e-cigarettes. Additionally, coverage by policies of level 2 comprehensiveness was most common due to menthol or key product (ie, cigarettes, smokeless tobacco, cigars and/or e-cigarettes) exemptions. During Q4 2023, 28.0%, 18.6%, 18.3% and 15.7% of US residents were covered by FTP sales restrictions for e-cigarettes, cigars, smokeless tobacco and menthol cigarettes, respectively.
conclusionsImplementation of FTP sales restrictions rapidly increased from 2019 to 2023, with policies varying in product, flavour and retailer inclusions. During Q4 2023, over one-quarter of US residents were covered by flavour policies; however, coverage by policies in the South and by menthol cigarette policies was limited. These data may be used to longitudinally evaluate the impacts of FTP policies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.