Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41116669›Full record

ArticleJournal of internal medicine2026

High cholesterol absorption efficiency interferes with bile acid metabolism and cholesterol elimination from the body.

Piia Simonen, Ingmar Wester, Jyri Lommi, Juha Sinisalo, Helena Gylling

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of internal medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Piia SimonenHeart and Lung Center, Cardiology, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Ingmar WesterRaisio Group plc, Raisio, Finland.
Jyri LommiHeart and Lung Center, Cardiology, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Juha SinisaloHeart and Lung Center, Cardiology, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0169-5137
Helena GyllingHeart and Lung Center, Cardiology, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.

Funding

State Research Funding for Helsinki University Hospital Y242SK2424
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundElevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol causes atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. Variables of whole-body cholesterol metabolism, for example, high cholesterol absorption efficiency, might also be atherogenic, whereas the role of bile acids is controversial.

objectivesThis post hoc study concerns the impact of cholesterol absorption on bile acid metabolism. The hypothesis was that cholesterol absorption efficiency interferes with bile acid metabolism.

methodsCholesterol metabolism was studied using absolute and relative methods. Elimination of cholesterol from the body as bile acids and neutral sterols was assessed from 24-h faecal collections and analysed by gas-liquid chromatography. Cholesterol absorption efficiency was evaluated by a peroral continuous dual-isotope feeding method, and cholesterol synthesis by a sterol-balance technique. The relative methods included analyses of serum biomarkers of cholesterol absorption efficiency and cholesterol synthesis by gas-liquid chromatography.

resultsFaecal bile acids, neutral sterols and cholesterol synthesis were lower in high- versus low-cholesterol absorbers. Elimination of cholesterol from the body as bile acids and neutral sterols was reduced in high- versus low-cholesterol absorbers. Serum and LDL cholesterol levels did not differ in low- versus high-cholesterol absorbers. Absolute and relative methods of cholesterol metabolism correlated with each other, suggesting that the results can be considered valid.

conclusionIn high-cholesterol absorbers, poor elimination of cholesterol from the body as bile acids and neutral sterols may indicate an increased risk of atherosclerosis. It can be prevented by decreasing cholesterol absorption and increasing reverse cholesterol transport by dietary means combined with ezetimibe and statin treatment, when needed.

Indexed as

Bile Acids and SaltsCholesterolHypercholesterolemiaAdultAgedCholesterol, LDLFecesFemaleHumansIntestinal AbsorptionMaleMiddle AgedBile Acids and SaltsCholesterolCholesterol, LDLatherosclerosisbile acidscholesterol absorptioncholesterol synthesislow‐density lipoprotein cholesterolreverse cholesterol transport

Identifiers

PMID41116669
PMCPMC13061100

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.