Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41122165›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in immunology2025

Current landscape of T-cell engagers in early-phase clinical development in solid cancers.

Andrea Spinazzola, Giovanni Maria Iannantuono, James L Gulley, Elena Giudice, Marco Filetti, Stefano Sganga, Francesca Lo Bianco, Charalampos S Floudas, Gennaro Daniele

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. T-cell Receptor (TCR) Targeting with Multivalent T-cell Engagers.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Review
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  11. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Andrea SpinazzolaPhase 1 Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, Istituto di ricovero e cura a carattere scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy.
Giovanni Maria IannantuonoPhase 1 Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, Istituto di ricovero e cura a carattere scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy.
James L GulleyCenter for Immuno-Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.
Elena GiudiceDivision of Gynecologic Oncology, Humanitas San Pio X, Milan, Italy.
Marco FilettiPhase 1 Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, Istituto di ricovero e cura a carattere scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy.
Stefano SgangaPhase 1 Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, Istituto di ricovero e cura a carattere scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy.
Francesca Lo BiancoPhase 1 Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, Istituto di ricovero e cura a carattere scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy.
Charalampos S FloudasCenter for Immuno-Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.
Gennaro DanielePhase 1 Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, Istituto di ricovero e cura a carattere scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

T-cell engagers (TCEs) are an emerging class of immunotherapeutic agents designed to harness the immune system to target and eliminate cancer cells. These molecules bridge T lymphocytes with tumor cells, generating an immunologic synapse that leads to potent immune-mediated tumor destruction. Although the clinical activity of TCEs in patients with solid tumors remains insufficient, recent technological advancements have led to the development of several candidates in early-phase clinical trials, with some showing encouraging signs of efficacy. This review examines the current landscape of TCEs in early clinical development for the treatment of solid tumors, describing their mechanism, clinical progress, efficacy, and challenges.

Indexed as

ImmunotherapyNeoplasmsT-LymphocytesAnimalsClinical Trials as TopicHumansearly-phase trialsimmunotherapysolid tumorsT-cell engagerT lymphocytes

Identifiers

PMID41122165
PMCPMC12536262

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.