Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41122174›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in immunology2025

Administration of statins is correlated with favourable prognosis in lung cancer patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Jingjing Yang, Jie Lin, Huaijuan Guo, Wenjuan Wu, Jiaxin Wang, Jingxian Mao, Wenbin Fan, Yang Lu, Ying Wang, Xuebing Yan

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Jingjing Yang *Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Jie Lin *Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Jilin University Second Hospital, Changchun, Jilin, China.
Huaijuan Guo *Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Wenjuan Wu *Department of Oncology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Jiaxin WangDepartment of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Jingxian MaoDepartment of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Wenbin FanDepartment of Oncology, Baoying Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Yang LuDepartment of Plastic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Ying WangDepartment of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Xuebing YanDepartment of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objective: Statins are commonly used for cardiovascular diseases and recent studies have supported their anti-cancer role in numerous human malignancies. This study aims to investigate their prognostic impact in lung cancer patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed based on the clinical data from 235 lung cancer patients who received ICI therapy between 2019 and 2024 in three hospitals. The correlation of statin use with overall survival (OS) or progression-free survival (PFS) was analyzed. Then, a comprehensive bioinformatics analysis was used to identify prognostic target genes of statins and investigate their correlation with immune infiltration, followed by validation in an independent cohort and cellular experiments. Results: In the whole cohort, 80 patients (34.0%) received statins. The statin users had a significantly better OS and PFS than the non-statin users. Statin use was an independent favorable prognostic factor for ICI-treated lung cancer patients. Transcription factor RAR-related orphan receptor alpha (RORA) was identified as a favorable prognostic target gene of statins. RORA was found to be downregulated in lung cancer tissues and correlated with infiltration of some immune cells. In the validation cohort, RORA expression was positively correlated with CD8 Conclusion: Statin use was significantly correlated with improved prognosis in lung cancer patients receiving ICIs. Statins may enhance ICI efficacy partly through RORA. Due to study limitations, the actual role of statins and their target genes in anti-cancer immunity needs further investigations.

Indexed as

Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase InhibitorsImmune Checkpoint InhibitorsLung NeoplasmsAgedFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPrognosisRetrospective StudiesHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase InhibitorsImmune Checkpoint Inhibitorsbiomarkerimmune checkpoint inhibitorlung cancerprognosisstatin

Identifiers

PMID41122174
PMCPMC12535986

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.