Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41123022›Full record

ArticleNucleic acids research2026

Spatial2GWAS: a database for linking spatial transcriptomic regions with GWAS traits.

Xi Hu, Aoqi Wang, Huan Yu, Pora Kim, Xiaobo Zhou

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nucleic acids research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Cardio-Vascular Extracellular Matrix: The Unmet Enigma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Xi HuWest China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China.ORCID 0000-0002-8439-7185
Aoqi WangWest China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China.
Huan YuWest China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China.
Pora KimCenter for Computational Systems Medicine, McWilliams School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8321-6864
Xiaobo ZhouCenter for Computational Systems Medicine, McWilliams School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7191-6495

Funding

Multiscale Resolution and Deep Network Approaches for Deconvolving Different Cell Types in Bulk Tumor using Single-cell Sequencing Data (scDEC)R01CA241930 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCI CTR HOUSTON · PI ZHOU, XIAOBO · 2019 to 2023
$2.7M
Microbial-based platform for assessing organ damage in alcohol use disorders (AUD)R01AA032723 · NIAAA · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCI CTR HOUSTON · PI Faraz Bishehsari, Xiaobo Zhou · 2025 to 2026
$1.2M
Optimizing mRNA sequences with deep neural networksR01LM014156 · NLM · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCI CTR HOUSTON · PI Xiaobo Zhou · 2024 to 2026
$1.1M
Developing mRNAdesigner tool package for optimization of mRNA sequenceR01GM153822 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCI CTR HOUSTON · PI ZHOU, XIAOBO · 2024 to 2025
$624k
Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas RP250043Dr. & Mrs. Carl V. Vartian ProfessorshipNational Science Foundation 2217515National Science Foundation 2326879NCI NIH HHS R01 CA241930NIAAA NIH HHS R01 AA032723NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM153822NIH HHS R01AA032723NIH HHS R01CA241930NIH HHS R01GM153822NIH HHS R01LM014156NLM NIH HHS R01 LM014156
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Spatial heterogeneity of gene expression within tissue regions has a critical influence on biological functions, thereby affecting disease pathogenesis. However, systematic associations between spatially resolved transcriptomes and phenotypes, especially in complex diseases, remain underexplored. Here, we developed spatial2GWAS (http://www.spatial2gwas.cn), a comprehensive resource linking spatial transcriptomic (ST) regions with GWAS traits. In the database, we collected 1196 ST slices (human and mouse) from five technologies and 812 GWAS traits spanning 18 phenotype categories and identified 29 701 ST slice-GWAS trait pairs containing 47 492 significant regions. Functional analyses reveal distinct patterns of cell type composition, gene expression, GO/KEGG pathway activation, and cell-cell communication direction between trait-related and unrelated spatial regions. The database provides a user-friendly interface for visualization of spatial regions and GWAS trait associations, supporting advanced queries by slice and GWAS information, genes co-expressed with GWAS trait-associated genes, and spatial regions. Spatial2GWAS aims to enable systematic exploration of spatial mechanisms underlying complex traits and offer insights into region-specific biological functions and potential therapeutic targets. This database bridges ST and high-level phenotypes, advancing the understanding of tissue heterogeneity in complex human diseases.

Indexed as

Databases, GeneticGenome-Wide Association StudyTranscriptomeAnimalsGene Expression ProfilingHumansMicePhenotypeQuantitative Trait Loci

Identifiers

PMID41123022
PMCPMC12807712

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.